yazdan shermohammadi; morad baradaran; maryam mohktargozani
Abstract
Today, the tourism industry has succeeded to create a new type of tourism, called "virtual tourism" by using technology. This technology has provided a platform for people to be present in the digital world, allowing them to view any audio, visual and textual information from the real world. Evidences ...
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Today, the tourism industry has succeeded to create a new type of tourism, called "virtual tourism" by using technology. This technology has provided a platform for people to be present in the digital world, allowing them to view any audio, visual and textual information from the real world. Evidences show that this possibility has significant effects on one's mental well-being. Accordingly, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the impact of virtual tourism on mental well-being by using the pleasure motivation system theory. In order to have an access to the needed information for analyzing these effects, we have extracted the data in the period of December to the end of January 2020 by using the survey method. The statistical population of this study was considered unlimited due to the unknown number of foreign tourists. Cochran formula was used to determine the statistical sample and with the help of available sampling, 384 European tourists were selected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS23 and AMOS software. The findings showed that perceived ease, perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment had a significant positive effect on life satisfaction, quality of life, happiness and mental health through flow.
fatemeh jaafari; mohammadsaeed zokae; mohammad zahediasl; farshad momeni
Abstract
Informal employment is one of the most important sectors in Iran's economy, which is strongly associated with social exclusion; when women enter the labor market, informal employment is the most important option for them. The aim of the present study is to understand the mechanisms of deprivation of ...
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Informal employment is one of the most important sectors in Iran's economy, which is strongly associated with social exclusion; when women enter the labor market, informal employment is the most important option for them. The aim of the present study is to understand the mechanisms of deprivation of informal employment and how workers get out of this situation. The research method is of qualitative type using the grounded theory method. The study population is informal female workers in Tehran province who have been selected through a targeted sampling of 32 people to participate. The data collection technique is an in-depth and semi-structured interview. The theoretical coding method has been used to analyze the data. The research findings show that informal employment is a survival-type mechanism in which Women with empty capital and experience of power shortages in the legal, economic, social, and psychological quadrants (Inadequacy of formalization empowerment) enter this area, stay in it or leave it, On the other hand, workers in the informalization cycle are in one of the stages of forecasting, awareness, activism, regression, and liberation. According to the research, the empowerment model of formalization is one of the mechanisms that help workers in the formalization process and more access to the social protection floor.
ERFAN ABDI; a t; Jafar tavakoli
Abstract
Assigning “Microfinance’’ is one of the favorite strategies of scholars and politicians to liquidate poverty and reduce unemployment in different countries. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Government’s Microfinance on the Rural Entrepreneurship and Sustainable ...
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Assigning “Microfinance’’ is one of the favorite strategies of scholars and politicians to liquidate poverty and reduce unemployment in different countries. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Government’s Microfinance on the Rural Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Employment in Javanrud. The present study is of an applied and descriptive-analytical nature in terms of nature and purpose.The research population consists of all rural people in Javanrud who have used government funds from the Karafariniomid Fund and the Agricultural Bank between 2006-2017 years(N:921). The main research tool was a questionnaire. The results of micro-credit regression analysis on the variables examined, with the coefficients 0.737, 0.336, 0.217 shows that micro-credit has been effected respectively on the economic dimension in the first rank, and the social, cultural aspect on the second rank also on the physical aspect on the third rank. Research findings also show that there is a positive and meaningful correlation between the government's micro-credit and sustainable rural development. In fact, the government’s micro-credit at the level of 95% of reliability has been playing an important role in creating entrepreneurship and sustainable employment and ultimatelysu stainable rural development
ali ezati; hasan givarian; Zein-Al-Abedin Amini Sabegh; ehsan sadeh
Abstract
Managing health care costs and financing the health sector is an important issue for all countries. In Iran, the main burden of financing the health sector is on households, and this is an unfair practice. One of the goals of health officials is to replace more equitable methods. The aim of this study ...
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Managing health care costs and financing the health sector is an important issue for all countries. In Iran, the main burden of financing the health sector is on households, and this is an unfair practice. One of the goals of health officials is to replace more equitable methods. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the decision of Iranian households to enter the health market. The theoretical framework includes the study of Grassman's view of human capital in the field of health expenditures at the micro level. Given the nature of the problem and its data in the category of quantitative research, the data and variables used in the research will be collected in the form of numbers and the results will be reported in the same way. Deprived and included 22,264 households in deprived and relatively deprived areas (including 47% of rural households and 53% of urban households) were estimated as examples. Increasing income, education, women's proportions, health development, and the number of members increase spending and insurance coverage and tobacco use also increase spending on health. Families with spouses who have never been married have the highest and lowest health expenditures, respectively. The study insists that households benefit from insurance support plans and measures to improve the socio-economic situation, especially for large families and rural residents.
hamdollah Sojasi Qeidari; Mitra yarahmadi
Abstract
Family businesses around the world have a significant share of employment and economic output, and in rural areas, children make up a significant percentage of the agricultural and domestic labor force. Therefore, the present study aimed at reviewing experiences of rural children from work. In terms ...
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Family businesses around the world have a significant share of employment and economic output, and in rural areas, children make up a significant percentage of the agricultural and domestic labor force. Therefore, the present study aimed at reviewing experiences of rural children from work. In terms of nature, the research is quantitative, and in terms of method, it is descriptive-analytical. The main tool of this research is questionnaire which the reliability of questionnaires was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha method (0.881). SPSS software was used for data analysis. The results of this study indicate that factors such as the reason of work, type of work, number of days and hours of work and the age of children, affect their work experience. And this impact, given the nature of child labor in rural areas and the proportion of type, hours and days of work with rural child age, has been studied to improve the physical, mental, and educational health of rural children. Therefore, these children have a positive attitude, feeling and experience towards work and consider working as a factor to improve their skills and abilities.
ali ghanbari barzain; Mojgan kaveannasb
Abstract
Marriage in Iranian culture is the most important and acceptable way to form family and organize the survival of the generation and gain psychological peace. This study examines the functions of marriage from the perspective of three generations among of Isfahan women. It deals with the functions of ...
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Marriage in Iranian culture is the most important and acceptable way to form family and organize the survival of the generation and gain psychological peace. This study examines the functions of marriage from the perspective of three generations among of Isfahan women. It deals with the functions of marriage and answers the question of what factors influence the attitude of three generations of Isfahan women towards the functions of marriage? Theoretical foundations used the theories of Engelhard, Giddens, Bauman .The research method used in this article is survey and data collection tool, questionnaire. Using the sampling method, 384 people were selected as statistical samples. The results showed that the variable belonging to different generations, religiosity, social confidence and individualism have a significant relationship with people's attitudes towards marriage functions. The relationship between life satisfaction and socioeconomic status has not been significant with individuals' attitudes toward marriage functions in the regression equation. According to the results of the study, despite some differences, there is no contradiction in the perception of generations about the importance and function of marriage.
Mehdi Karoubi; Seyed mojtaba Mahmodzadeh; reyhaneh jazayeri
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of electronic tourism in the development of medical tourism in Mashhad. The research method was descriptive and survey type that data collection was done in the field. The statistical population of this study was all foreign tourists who returned ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of electronic tourism in the development of medical tourism in Mashhad. The research method was descriptive and survey type that data collection was done in the field. The statistical population of this study was all foreign tourists who returned to Mashhad as medical tourists. Due to the uncertainty in the size of society, 161 individuals were selected as the statistical sample using available sampling method through Cochran's uncertain volume formula. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by 11 experts in the field of tourism and reliability of the tool was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.952). Descriptive and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov Smirnov, confirmatory factor analysis and T single sample) were used for data analysis. T-test results showed that all components of electronic tourism have a significant effect on the development of medical tourism. And the components of the location of treatment, medical training, medical tourism development, medical costs and tourists' economic status are the most effective factors. Therefore, the provision of good medical services, the use of experienced and qualified physicians, and the reduction of health care costs were one of the strategies for developing medical tourism.
Aeizh Azmi; MOJTABA NOURI
Abstract
Quality of life is a concept that has been used in the lives of the people of the town and village. This article sought to investigate the quality of life in villages that are near a far from city in central district of Kermanshah. This is a quantitative-survey research that uses questionnaire to collect ...
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Quality of life is a concept that has been used in the lives of the people of the town and village. This article sought to investigate the quality of life in villages that are near a far from city in central district of Kermanshah. This is a quantitative-survey research that uses questionnaire to collect information. The population size is 300 people (150 inhabitants of villages under radius of 15 km distance from Kermanshah and 150 inhabitants of villages with radius of more than 15 km radius of Kermanshah). Selection of villages was based on simple random sampling (total of 20 villages) and sampling in each village was based on systematic random sampling method. The reliability of the study was confirmed by Cochran's formula of 0.73 and the validity of the research was confirmed by geography and social sciences experts. The test used was Friedman. Research findings show that the quality of life in rural areas near the city is better than rural areas far from the city. This was confirmed by the Friedman test. There is not much difference in job diversity and quality of life earnings and this difference is more in infrastructure and social components.
Mehdi Shabanzadeh Khoshrody; Omid Gilanpour; Ebrahim Javdan; Mohsen Rafati
Abstract
in this study, the supply and demand functions of products including red meat, chicken, eggs and milk were first specified and then estimated in the form of a system of simultaneous equations.Then, the demand elasticity of the models was used to calculate the changes in the welfare of consumers of protein ...
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in this study, the supply and demand functions of products including red meat, chicken, eggs and milk were first specified and then estimated in the form of a system of simultaneous equations.Then, the demand elasticity of the models was used to calculate the changes in the welfare of consumers of protein products under in two cases, after removing the subsidy of the preferred currency and the 35,000 Toman currency scenario. The results of estimating the supply function of red meat, chicken, egg and milk showed that the supply of livestock and protein products is inelastic than the price and with the increase of input prices, the supply of these products decreases. Based on the results of the demand function, the prices of red meat, chicken, eggs and milk have a negative and significant effect on the demand for these products. Also based on the results of red meat, chicken and fish are substitutes; In addition, red meat, chicken, eggs and milk are considered necessary commodities for consumers. Finally, the results showed that by removing the preferential currency subsidy and changing the price of each kilogram of red meat, chicken meat, eggs and milk in the market to 191,324, 55,236, 38,564 and 12,513 tomans, respectively, the welfare surplus of protein product consumers is equal to 318,468 thousand billion Toman has decreased.
۸۰/۵۰۰۰ Social Development Social Welfare Globalization Family abuse Job Satisfaction social participation
masoumeh bagheri; marziyeh shahryari; Ali boudaghi; sajad bahmani
Abstract
Awareness of the poverty situation in a society will be the first step in the planning process to combat poverty and deprivation and to review the results of previous programs and policies and possibly revise them. This study aims to provide a model to explain poverty in semi-urban areas of Khuzestan ...
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Awareness of the poverty situation in a society will be the first step in the planning process to combat poverty and deprivation and to review the results of previous programs and policies and possibly revise them. This study aims to provide a model to explain poverty in semi-urban areas of Khuzestan province. The method used in this research is data foundation theory. The participants of the present study are 24 poverty-related stakeholders who either live in the study areas or have work experience and administrative activities and interaction with these areas. Semi-structured interview technique was used to collect data and purposive sampling was used to select cases. After coding, ten main categories of data emerged, each of which was completely analyzed based on the text of the interviews. The emerging paradigm includes three dimensions of conditions, actions-interactions and consequences, which based on the results of research in the dimension of conditions including (lack of social capacity building, challenges of attracting investors, lack of accountability and transparency in the performance of public institutions in decision optimization). Implemented grievances and strategies, injustice in the distribution the dimension of action-interaction (Allocation of government facilities to real bority) Humanity and security of people Erosion of quality of life, crisis of knowledge aced and irregular development between regions - ruralization at the origin) formed د.
۸۰/۵۰۰۰ Social Development Social Welfare Globalization Family abuse Job Satisfaction social participation
moradali mansoori; sedige aminian; alireza yazarloo; alireza esmaeili
Abstract
The findings indicated that in the discourse of job creation governing the laws of development programs, the floating sign of "employment" in the form of central signs including "reducing the unemployment rate" in the form of the first development program, "spreading and promoting work culture" in the ...
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The findings indicated that in the discourse of job creation governing the laws of development programs, the floating sign of "employment" in the form of central signs including "reducing the unemployment rate" in the form of the first development program, "spreading and promoting work culture" in the form of the second program, "Creation of employment in less developed areas" in the form of the third plan, "removal of barriers to employment creation" in the form of the fourth plan, "creating sustainable employment" in the form of the fifth plan and finally "macro and trans-sectoral approach to job creation" in the form of the sixth development plan have been blocked; But in the field of practice, the elaboration of the discourses governing each program in the field of employment, around the mentioned central signs, are different from each other, and different main signs have formed the semantic system governing the elaboration of the employment creation discourse in development programs; Because, although in the six development programs of the country, job creation is considered as a main and outstanding policy in the field of employment and, as a result, reducing unemployment. However, based on the theoretical platforms and identity bases of the two dominant factions (fundamentalists and reformists), on the one hand, in different periods of the parliament, which have been responsible for approving policies,
۸۰/۵۰۰۰ Social Development Social Welfare Globalization Family abuse Job Satisfaction social participation
Atefeh Sedaghati; Marzieh sadat Alvand; Mohammad Taghi Pirbabaei
Abstract
Urbanhousingpolicy, asoneofthemost important areas of urbanpolicy has always been considered by urban planners and policymakers. While some populistpolicies of development with the aimof maximizing adaptation to the conditions of target group, especially their income, ...
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Urbanhousingpolicy, asoneofthemost important areas of urbanpolicy has always been considered by urban planners and policymakers. While some populistpolicies of development with the aimof maximizing adaptation to the conditions of target group, especially their income, have undergone theoretical reductionism and in long run negative economic, physical, environmental, political and socio-cultural effects; trying to reduce these effects is sometimes difficult or costly. Inthisregard, the "MehrHousing Plan" has been reviewed in this article, which is seen in the strategic housing-document of the country in 2006 and in paragraph "d" of the 2007 budget law, with emphasis on the low-income target group. The approach of present study is qualitative based on the semi-structured researcher-made questionnaire by purposeful interview at the level of knowledgeable experts. Out of a total of 22main codes and 22identified related concepts, 15main categories have been extracted and analyzed in the form of 4main research questions According to the findings, in the Mehr housing project, 7 characteristics of populism that can be traced in the idea, implementation and trends of the project have been identified and explained. Emphasis is placed on results orientation and immediate effectiveness of plans, instead of quality orientation, as well as polarization and border and text conflicts.
۸۰/۵۰۰۰ Social Development Social Welfare Globalization Family abuse Job Satisfaction social participation
Javad Samadi Rendi; Hadi Khan MOhamadi; Farshad Momeni; Reza Vaezi
Abstract
The emergence and expansion of the sharing economy through the use of information technology has fundamentally changed many economic-social aspects of today's life, especially traditional business models. According to some experts, this type of business has also provided a capacity to earn income for ...
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The emergence and expansion of the sharing economy through the use of information technology has fundamentally changed many economic-social aspects of today's life, especially traditional business models. According to some experts, this type of business has also provided a capacity to earn income for poor people and reduce poverty.This study was conducted to identify the main and subcategories of the role of the sharing economy in reducing poverty. To achieve this goal, this qualitative study uses a systematic literature review and adopts the meta-synthesis method. and then they were analyzed based on the seven-step process of Sandelowski & Barroso, (2007). For this purpose, by referring to reliable electronic sites such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct, 20 articles were identified among primary articles. Then, using software MAXQDA version (22), open, axial, and selective codes were categorized and extracted. The meta-synthesis findings revealed dimensions of the sharing economy that contribute to poverty reduction. Finally, the main themes with the titles of social value, environmental sustainability value, , economic value based on job creation, and economic value based on entrepreneurship were introduced as the most effective factors in reducing poverty through the sharing economy. The authors believe that the sharing economy can contribute to poverty reduction with appropriate strategies and policies.
