نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

چکیده

هدف اصلی انواع برنامه­ریزی­ در شهرها نیل به رفاه شهروندی است و برای سنجش رفاه در شهرها از شاخص­های ترکیبی استفاده می­شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف سنجش رفاه در کلانشهر شیراز و با به کارگیری شاخص­‌های کلارک و تابع رفاه اجتماعی اتکینسن انجام شده است. پژوهش ماهیتی کمّی- تحلیلی داشته و برای به کارگیری شاخص کلارک از متغیرهای نیازهای سلسله مراتبی استفاده شده است و برای به کارگیری تابع رفاه اجتماعی نیز از متغیر درآمد استفاده شده است. اطلاعات درآمدی براساس داده­های رسمی مرکز آمار ایران بوده و برای به کارگیری این تابع در مناطق نه گانه کلانشهر شیراز از داده‌های میدانی که از سرپرستان خانوار (384 خانوار) جمع­آوری شده، استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش از خانوارهای شهر شیراز که تعداد آنها طبق سرشماری عمومی نفوس و مسکن سال 1385 برابر با 344533 نفر بوده است، تشکیل می­شود. سنجش رفاه با استفاده از شاخص کلارک در شهر شیراز روندی افزایشی را نشان می­دهد و این شاخص از 0.253 در سال 1380 به 0.424 در سال 1385 رسیده است. شاخص کلارک نیز برای سال­های 1381 0.281، 1382 0.318، 1383 0.362 و برای سال 1384 0.388 محاسبه شده است و در مقاطع گوناگون زمانی، نشان دهندة روندی افزایشی است. یافته­های پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از شاخص اتکینسن و با لحاظ نمودن درجه­های حساسیت به نابرابری، نشان می­دهند که بیشترین سطح نابرابری در سال­های 1385 و 1384 و کمترین سطح نابرابری در سال­های 1381 و 1382 بوده است. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing Welfare in Shiraz Metropolis by using Indicator of Clarke and Atkinson Welfare Function

چکیده [English]

The purpose of all Kinds of planning in cities is to achieve urban Welfare and for measuring welfare in there, composite indicators are used. To do so this paper is about the study which was done for assessment of welfare in Shiraz metropolitan by using Clarke index and social welfare function. As a quantitative-analytical research, it used variables of hierarchical needs for Clark Index and income for social welfare function. Income data was based on official data of the Statistical Center of Iran. Moreover to apply this function in nine Zone of Shiraz metropolitan also field data was collected from 384 households. The Statistical population is households of Shiraz which due to the General Population and Housing Census in 2006 was about of 344,533 people.
Assessment of welfare indicates an increasing trend so that the index has reached from 0.253 in 2001 to 0.424 in 2006. The Clarke index which was calculated for 2002 -2005 shows escalating trend (0.281 - 0.388) in this period. According to the findings also by considering levels of sensitivity to inequality reveal that the most unequal years were 2006 and 2005 and the lowest ones were 2002 and 2003 respectively.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Welfare
  • Clarke index
  • Atkinson social welfare function
  • Shiraz metropolis
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