۸۰/۵۰۰۰ Social Development Social Welfare Globalization Family abuse Job Satisfaction social participation
hadi afra
Abstract
With the movement of societies towards modernization and the industrial world, security becomes very important and becomes one of the basic needs of human beings, so that with its decline, human peace of mind is lost and anxiety, anxiety and It slowly replaces it. Therefore, it is very important to conduct ...
Read More
With the movement of societies towards modernization and the industrial world, security becomes very important and becomes one of the basic needs of human beings, so that with its decline, human peace of mind is lost and anxiety, anxiety and It slowly replaces it. Therefore, it is very important to conduct combined research to provide the essence of research on a particular topic in a systematic way. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to apply a meta-analysis strategy to analyze and combine the results of studies on women's sense of social security. For this purpose, according to the meta-analysis criteria, from 55 articles published in databases in 1390-1390, articles that have the necessary characteristics were selected and the data were analyzed by meta-analysis software (CMA). In the first step, diffusion bias and the assumption of homogeneity were examined. In the second stage, the effect size coefficient and the moderating role of ethnicity variables were evaluated. The effect size of social participation, religious affiliation, social support, social relations network, police performance, social identity, social cohesion and social trust with women's sense of social security were significant and according to Cohen's interpretive system with moderate effect. Considering ethnicity as a moderating variable, the effect of the studied variables on women's sense of social security was evaluated differently
mina shirvaninaghani; afsaneh edrisi; zahra moshir
Abstract
introduction: Social capital sets the scene for subjective well-being and happiness through social actions and establishing of human connection. For Fitzpatrick, mental well-being is a multidimensional thing that he defines as characteristics such as happiness, supply, preferences, needs, entitlement ...
Read More
introduction: Social capital sets the scene for subjective well-being and happiness through social actions and establishing of human connection. For Fitzpatrick, mental well-being is a multidimensional thing that he defines as characteristics such as happiness, supply, preferences, needs, entitlement and relative comparison. This study endeavored to explain the possible relationship between social capital and the subjective well-being of the adolescent citizens in capital of Iran, Tehran.Research Methods: The population of this quantitative study was selected from among the Iranian citizens older than 18 years old who lived who lived in the capital of Iran. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula 384, which was increased to 400 individuals. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster. In this study, different dimensions of social capital with subjective well-being were measuredData: The findings revealed that social trust, social participation, social cohesion, and membership in social networks are effective in promoting mental well-being. Results: The results Through Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression and ANOVA showed that social capital by facilitating social actions has a significant role in providing and achieving the preferences of individuals and thus provides the possibility of reducing mental stress and thus happiness and a sense of happiness for citizens.Keywords: subjective well-being, Social Capital, social solidarity, Social Networks.
javad shekarriz; Shapour Salavati; Tayebeh Moqadasi Nia; zohreh rafezi
Abstract
This study was conducted in a quarterly period among Kashani citizens aged 18 years and older, the sample population includes 206 people. Data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The results show that despite the difference in the use of national news network and local virtual networks, ...
Read More
This study was conducted in a quarterly period among Kashani citizens aged 18 years and older, the sample population includes 206 people. Data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The results show that despite the difference in the use of national news network and local virtual networks, this difference is not statistically significant (p> 0.05). Therefore, the audience uses almost both types of media to obtain information and news. Also, there is a statistically significant difference between the level of trust in the national news network and local virtual networks (p <0.05). In this way, the audience has more confidence in local virtual media to obtain news information. In the study of demographic factors, the results show that the use of native virtual networks is statistically significantly different between male and female audiences (p <0.05). Thus, the female audience uses more native virtual networks than the male audience. Also, there is a statistically significant difference between the level of use and trust in the national news network and local virtual networks and audiences with different education (p <0.05). The results of Tukey's follow-up test show that audiences with postgraduate and higher education are more confident than native virtual networks, despite using the national news network more.
afsaneh edresi; marjan shojaei
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify factors affecting the social participation of shopkeepers in Tehran historical texture (Region 12) in urban projects (building pedestrian ways). It was a quantitative-survey research and the data was collected through questionnaires. Using stratified random sampling ...
Read More
The present study aimed to identify factors affecting the social participation of shopkeepers in Tehran historical texture (Region 12) in urban projects (building pedestrian ways). It was a quantitative-survey research and the data was collected through questionnaires. Using stratified random sampling method, 155 subjects were selected from among shopkeepers in the region 12 of Tehran. The theoretical framework of this research was a mixture of viewpoints of Parsons, Homans, Lerner, Dahl, Emerson, Lipest, Giddens and Coleman in the field of social participation and the viewpoints of Luhman, Offe, Paxton and Giddens in the field of social trust. For collective memory, the viewpoints of Durkheim, Halbwachs and Ricœur. The present paper aimed at explaining the relationship between social participation (depending variable) and categories such as collective memory, economic incentive, social trust and relationship (main variables) and the type of job, ownership and location of shop, educational degree and income (subsidiary variables). The results of Pearson Correlation Test showed that there was a significant relationship between the mentioned variables (except the variable of ownership) and the degree of participation. The results of the multivariate test also indicated that independent variables explained 59% of depending variable variance and the variable of ‘economic incentive’ is of a more contribution among them. Generally, the conclusion was that the social participation among shopkeepers in the historical texture of Tehran is identified as an effective element in the social environment and shopkeepers have an appropriate understanding of the importance of their social participation in the place of their business.
mohammad ganji; s a; faeze yadegari
Abstract
The social health of individuals is one of the core of health assessment of different societies. The main purpose of this study is to explain the social and cultural factors affecting social health among the citizens of Kashan. The research method was survey and the research tool was a researcher-made ...
Read More
The social health of individuals is one of the core of health assessment of different societies. The main purpose of this study is to explain the social and cultural factors affecting social health among the citizens of Kashan. The research method was survey and the research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of citizens aged 18-64 in Kashan. The sample size was 373 according to Cochran formula and non-probability-quota sampling method was used to obtain the research samples. The results show that the mean of three independent variables (social trust, feeling of hope, social vitality) and the dependent variable of research (social health) are higher than the average of the range studied, and the mean of cultural capital is lower than that. On the other hand, there is a direct and significant relationship between the variables of social trust, social vitality, hope, cultural capital and social health. The results of regression coefficient show that feeling of happiness has the greatest effect on social health. The results of path analysis also show that direct and indirect impacts on social health of Kashan citizens are respectively, Hope, Social trust and Cultural capital.In spite of the low impact of cultural capital, other social factors examined provide context for healthy social relationships and social health.
jafar hezarjarebi; mostafa keshvari charmi; elham faroghi; aghel motghadm
Abstract
Societal and economic security is a basic pre-requisite of a sustained and balanced development in a community. On one hand lack of such a feeling may apparently decline the dynamic forces of a given society, and on the other it may boost social costs of the society without making an improvement in welfare ...
Read More
Societal and economic security is a basic pre-requisite of a sustained and balanced development in a community. On one hand lack of such a feeling may apparently decline the dynamic forces of a given society, and on the other it may boost social costs of the society without making an improvement in welfare of that society. This research aims at studying the sense of security among Tehran’s citizens and the factors affecting such a sense among them. As a survey research, this study used organized interviews with 384 persons via cluster sampling. Societal sense of security is comprised of four main aspects: physical, financial, intellectual and collective. Findings showed that the over 90 percent of Tehran’s citizens have average to low societal sense of security. From the aforesaid four aspects, social, financial and physical security had higher average rate than intellectual and collective security. There is meaningful relationship between social-economic status, social confidence and inclination to participation with social security. Also, the value of R2 was calculated to be 0.258 which indicated that these variables can explain only 25.8 percent of changes. Also social-economic status and social trust were found to have the highest rate of influence on social security.
Mohammad Bagher Alizadeh Aghdam; Rasool Rabbani; Morteza Mobarak Bakhshayesh
Abstract
Health is a fundamental requisite for the growth and development of society. With changes in lifestyle and shift from infectious diseases to chronic diseases, the role of social factors in determining the level of health has become more evident, and the sociology of health has become the focus of sociological ...
Read More
Health is a fundamental requisite for the growth and development of society. With changes in lifestyle and shift from infectious diseases to chronic diseases, the role of social factors in determining the level of health has become more evident, and the sociology of health has become the focus of sociological debates. The present paper aims to study the effect of social capital, relative sense of deprivation, and discrimination on people’s health. The research sample consisted of 384 individuals who were selected from among the Isfahan citizens using Cochran formula and two-stage cluster sampling method. The data was collected through survey questionnaires, reliability and validity of which were verified. The results of the study confirmed the primary hypothesis that social capital should affect the health of Isfahan citizens. Moreover, all four dimensions studied in the research showed significant relationship with health. The results of the multivariate analyses also indicated that among the analyzed variables, social trust, support, correlation, and cohesion collectively explained 0.231 of the dependent variable.
f sh; nozar amensaremi; zenab abasi
Abstract
The theoretical framework of the study was prepared by applying the theories of social capital theorists like Putnam, Fukuyama, Coleman and Bourdiou, and by investigating some of the ideas concerning the sense of security, such as the theories of Durkheim, Giddens, Parsons, Horney and Forum. Social trust, ...
Read More
The theoretical framework of the study was prepared by applying the theories of social capital theorists like Putnam, Fukuyama, Coleman and Bourdiou, and by investigating some of the ideas concerning the sense of security, such as the theories of Durkheim, Giddens, Parsons, Horney and Forum. Social trust, social relationships and social participation were three indicators identified as the indicators of social capital, and four hypotheses were developed on this basis. This is a survey research that used questionnaires to examine the research sample comprising of 369 high school female students from Region 4 of Tehran; and we used stratified sampling, commensurate with the size of the selected sample. The results revealed that the relationship between social capital and sense of security among female students was direct and significant, meaning that the more social capital students have, the more they feel secure. It was shown that social participation had a significant positive correlation with the sense of security; however, social relationship had a significant relation with the sense of security and it was revealed that students with less social interaction feel more secure. The results showed that social trust among female students had no significant relationship with their sense of security and this hypothesis was not confirmed.
eshagh ghesarain; bhroz sepednameh
Abstract
This research investigates the extent of social capital and its indices among teachers in Ilam province. The Social capital indices which is developed and referred to in this study were social trust, social norms and social networks drawn from the study of the current literature and the social capital ...
Read More
This research investigates the extent of social capital and its indices among teachers in Ilam province. The Social capital indices which is developed and referred to in this study were social trust, social norms and social networks drawn from the study of the current literature and the social capital theories. The research method used was survey. Stratified proportional to size sampling was used to select 350 teachers for the study. SPSS and Lisrel softwares were run to analyze the data. The statistical techniques applied for the analysis of the data were independent T. Test, One-way ANOVA , Scheffee Test and Correlation Coefficient . The findings of the study show that in a 5 point likert scale questionnaire ,the participants’ social capital was 2.9 ,their social trust was 3.2,the social norms was 2.8 and the social networks was 2.7.The average of the extent of the indices measured in the study was higher among teachers at primary school compared with their junior high school and high school counterparts. The analysis of the data testing the hypotheses of the study, further showed that there is a significant difference between the extent of the indices measured in the study among teachers at primary school and their junior high school and high school counterparts. The results also revealed that there is a significant difference between male and female participants of the study and the average extent of the social capital was higher among female teachers than the male teachers. The relationship among age, education degree and social capital was found to be significant.
Ali asghar Kia; Roghayeh Ameri
Abstract
Happiness and joy are among the features that play a fundamental role in social life. Indeed, they have the highest role in improving relations and interactions. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the level of social happiness and the related factors among the citizens of Ahvaz. The ...
Read More
Happiness and joy are among the features that play a fundamental role in social life. Indeed, they have the highest role in improving relations and interactions. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the level of social happiness and the related factors among the citizens of Ahvaz. The research data was collected through survey method, using the self-evaluation questionnaire from a sample of 384 individuals, who were 15-64 year-old citizens of Ahvaz. The sample was selected using multistage random cluster sampling and Cochran formula. Hypotheses were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariable regression, and path analysis. The results of the research indicated that between socioeconomic status (in both subjective and objective dimensions), sense of social justice, social cohesion, social trust, social satisfaction, sense of social security, adherence to religious beliefs, and citizen satisfaction with urban services with social happiness is positive and significant. However, the relationship between sense of relative deprivation and sense of anomie with social happiness is negative and significant. Moreover, the multivariable regression analysis showed that 0.51 of the dependent variable variance could be predicted by the dependent variables.
sedamermasod shahramnei; behroz sadghiamroabadi; ali ebrahemi
Abstract
This research investigates the extent of social capital and its indices among teachers in Ilam province. The Social capital indices which is developed and referred to in this study were social trust, social norms and social networks drawn from the study of the current literature and the social capital ...
Read More
This research investigates the extent of social capital and its indices among teachers in Ilam province. The Social capital indices which is developed and referred to in this study were social trust, social norms and social networks drawn from the study of the current literature and the social capital theories. The research method used was survey. Stratified proportional to size sampling was used to select 350 teachers for the study. SPSS and Lisrel softwares were run to analyze the data. The statistical techniques applied for the analysis of the data were independent T. Test, One-way ANOVA , Scheffee Test and Correlation Coefficient . The findings of the study show that in a 5 point likert scale questionnaire ,the participants’ social capital was 2.9 ,their social trust was 3.2,the social norms was 2.8 and the social networks was 2.7.The average of the extent of the indices measured in the study was higher among teachers at primary school compared with their junior high school and high school counterparts. The analysis of the data testing the hypotheses of the study, further showed that there is a significant difference between the extent of the indices measured in the study among teachers at primary school and their junior high school and high school counterparts. The results also revealed that there is a significant difference between male and female participants of the study and the average extent of the social capital was higher among female teachers than the male teachers. The relationship among age, education degree and social capital was found to be significant.
Volume 3, Issue 11 , June 2016, , Pages 131-182
Abstract
Isolation, in social science, is withdrawal and deprivation from social interactions. Although it has been an issue for centuries, it has been studied systematically just for the last fifty years. The present paper investigates the quality of university students’ withdrawal and its relation to ...
Read More
Isolation, in social science, is withdrawal and deprivation from social interactions. Although it has been an issue for centuries, it has been studied systematically just for the last fifty years. The present paper investigates the quality of university students’ withdrawal and its relation to social trust. Social withdrawal is measured on the basis of three factors: membership in associations and social groups, having social links, and having social relations. The major independent variable is that of social trust, measured by three dimensions of institutional trust, generalized trust and inter-personal trust.
The present paper is a survey study and data collection is done through questionnaires distributed among 361 students. The subjects were chosen through proportional stratified sampling. Cronbach’s Alpha was used for testing reliability of measuring tools, Pearson correlation coefficient was used for testing hypotheses, Variance analysis was used for comparing average values and regression analysis was used for examining the analytic model. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between social trust and social withdrawal among university students. The resulted correlation coefficient for this variable was -0.294. With a significance level of p=0.000, it is indicative of a negative (and reverse) relationship between these two variables. Therefore, we can claim that social withdrawal of university students is largely influenced by the quality of their social trust. Decrease in their social trust leads to increase in their social withdrawal and vice versa. There is also a negative (and reverse) significant relationship between their economic-social status and their social withdrawal.
Multi-variable regression analysis shows that %14 of social withdrawal variance is explained by three variables of generalized trust, parents’ income and inter-personal trust. Therefore, experimental results of the study seem to confirm theoretical views represented in the theoretical framework. Generally, considering the existing social withdrawal, it is necessary to make appropriate policies for activating and motivating university students so that we can eradicate its causes and, subsequently, prevent its probable social damages.
Volume 3, Issue 11 , June 2016, , Pages 183-214
Abstract
Social capital consists of elements such as trust, awareness, cooperation, and network. It is a kind of social product and is a result of social interaction. Unlike physical capital, which decreases due to overuse, social capital grows and strengthens when overused. Since cooperatives are organizations ...
Read More
Social capital consists of elements such as trust, awareness, cooperation, and network. It is a kind of social product and is a result of social interaction. Unlike physical capital, which decreases due to overuse, social capital grows and strengthens when overused. Since cooperatives are organizations which should be full of trust, cooperation, awareness, unity, and agreement, this study investigates the effects of social capital on the success of production cooperatives of Yazd.
This research is descriptive-explanatory. It is also synchronic and applied. The method used is used and it is wide in scope. 128 subjects were selected using stratified cluster random sampling, estimated by Cochran formula. The instrument used in the study was a questionnaire. The content validity and the reliability were estimated using Cronbach's alpha. The data was analyzed by SPSS program.
The findings indicated that, for the subjects, the mean of social trust was 47.46, social norm was 44.11, social awareness was 41.61, and social cooperation was 44.56, which are lower than the average level. In sum, the mean of social capital among the production cooperatives in Yazd was 46.75 and the mean of success of the cooperatives was 38.77 which were lower than the average level. The results revealed that among the different dimensions of social capital, the mean of social awareness was less and the mean of social trust was more than other dimensions. By using Pearson correlation test, it was found that there were a positive and significant correlation between age, education, income, and different dimensions of social capital and the success of the cooperatives. Analyzing the effects of independent variables on the success of cooperatives, multiple regression analyses were done which indicated that only social network and social norm had the greater effects on the success of cooperatives.
sedseyamak alavikeai; leli nasrollahivsta; fatemeh golabi
Abstract
The high risk-taking power is one of the most important features of entrepreneur which can lead to production and employment. Risk-taking in turn can be caused by several factors, which provides the requirements of accepting a higher level of risk. Social capital can be considered as a key factor that ...
Read More
The high risk-taking power is one of the most important features of entrepreneur which can lead to production and employment. Risk-taking in turn can be caused by several factors, which provides the requirements of accepting a higher level of risk. Social capital can be considered as a key factor that can play critical role in enhancement of risk-taking level. In this context, current study theoretically and empirically examines the effects of social capital on risk-taking of entrepreneurship students. Population was all students in Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran. The sample size of 252 was calculated using Cochran formula. Convenience sampling plan was employed to collect data. To test hypotheses, ridge regression and Pearson correlation were used. Results indicated that individual and institutional trust has a positive impact on risk-taking of students. In addition, cooperative, and charitable religious participation were found to improve risk-taking of students. However, the impacts of formal participation and public trust on risk-taking were not significant.
abolghasem fatehi; ebrahim ekhlasi
Abstract
The present study aims to asses the rate of social capital as well as the factors affecting it among female pre-university students of Shiraz. The research questions are: ‘What is the total rate of social capital among female pre-university students of Shiraz?’ and ‘What are the sociological ...
Read More
The present study aims to asses the rate of social capital as well as the factors affecting it among female pre-university students of Shiraz. The research questions are: ‘What is the total rate of social capital among female pre-university students of Shiraz?’ and ‘What are the sociological factors affecting social capital?’ Using random and multistage cluster sampling, 400 students were selected. The data were collected through questionnaires. Theoretical framework of the research is based on social capital-related theories ofFrancis Fukuyama, Robert Putnam and Coleman.The results showed that the average of social capitalat individual and primary group levelsas well as institutional, organizational, provincial, and national levels is 59.8%. Among the three levels of the dependent variable, the micro-level of social capital has the highest average (70%). Furthermore, there was a positive and significant relationship between the independent variables of forms of identity, mental health, parents’ educational status, cultural capital and the dependent variable of social capital. The results also indicated that the rate of female art students’ social capital is significantly less than that of other majors. Moreover, students residing at expensive districts of the town demonstrated the lowest rate of social capital and the students residing at cheap areas demonstrated the highest rate.
Volume 3, Issue 12 , October 2012, , Pages 31-58
Abstract
Order and security are fundamental indicators of human welfare and necessary for the growth and promotion of society and individuals. The relationship between social trust and sense of security among Tehrani citizens is examined and guidelines for its development are proposed.
The method of research ...
Read More
Order and security are fundamental indicators of human welfare and necessary for the growth and promotion of society and individuals. The relationship between social trust and sense of security among Tehrani citizens is examined and guidelines for its development are proposed.
The method of research is that of survey. The population consists of Tehrani citizens residing in 22 districts of Tehran, above the age of 15. The sample size is determined to be 384 using Cochran formula. The sampling technique is multistage cluster sampling and the instrument used for for data collection is questionnaire.
Findings of the research indicate that the sense of security is dependent on age and education. Age and sense of security are positively correlated; however, education and sense of security are negatively correlated. There was no significant difference between males and females regarding the sense of security. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between trust and sense of security. On the other hand, the sense of security among Tehrani citizens is under the average level.
The development of social trust may lead to an increase in the sense of security. There is a strong correlation between institutional trust and sense of security; therefore, improving the performance of institutions and preventing soft crimes in organizations, especially the ones responsible for social order, can be highly influential in the increase of the sense of security as an important indicator of social welfare and development. Cultural and educational planning can also improve the social trust.
Volume 2, Issue 8 , October 2011, , Pages 87-120
Abstract
Social Trust is a platform for social interactions and relations. To study social trust of war injured carefully, it were took in to account in three dimensions, internal group, external group and generalized trust. Also related theories of James Coleman, Antony Giddens, Peoter Sztompka, Claus offe, ...
Read More
Social Trust is a platform for social interactions and relations. To study social trust of war injured carefully, it were took in to account in three dimensions, internal group, external group and generalized trust. Also related theories of James Coleman, Antony Giddens, Peoter Sztompka, Claus offe, Francis Fukuyama and etc were discussed.
Regarding this, a survey research with a sample of 319 war injured people (in three groups of 25-49%, 50-69%, and 70%) who was selected thorough proportional classification sampling method was done. Dependent variable is social trust and independent variables are religiousness, universalism, expressional interactions, social-economic status and percentage of injury. Results of research showed that generalized trust of repliers, regarding to two other dimensions; trusting within and between groups is few lower. As a conclusion war injured revealed average level of social trust. There is significant correlation between social trust and other variables such as religiousness, universalism, expressional interactions, social-economic status and percentage of injury.
Volume 2, Issue 8 , October 2011, , Pages 153-188
Abstract
The theme of this study is the impact of social capital on quality of life of student. Quality of life is an important issue which first attracted intellectuals due to widespread deployment of technology and industrialization process in Western countries.
Historically, scientists and researchers have ...
Read More
The theme of this study is the impact of social capital on quality of life of student. Quality of life is an important issue which first attracted intellectuals due to widespread deployment of technology and industrialization process in Western countries.
Historically, scientists and researchers have sought effective factors on quality of life. Not unknowing such factors not only causes unexpected, harmful outcomes but also lower life satisfaction among individuals and communities would hurt productive and capable human resources along the time. Universal acceptance of the theoretical literature denotes improvement of social capital will lead to expected life quality and prosperity.
In this study, the survey method is used to collect data from 374 students of Shiraz Islamic Azad University. After testing the research hypotheses, results reveal that the variable of social capital with dimensions of and social trust, social participation and social networks, has direct correlation with quality of life.
Volume 2, Issue 7 , July 2011, , Pages 165-190
Abstract
Trust and trusting each other are key social concepts and elements in society. In a general meaning, trust may results in interaction with people and creation of social relations, also since trust goes beyond the family, relatives and friends, it can result in developing a trust network or trust radius. ...
Read More
Trust and trusting each other are key social concepts and elements in society. In a general meaning, trust may results in interaction with people and creation of social relations, also since trust goes beyond the family, relatives and friends, it can result in developing a trust network or trust radius. Trust is one of the significant aspects of human relations and paves the way for participation and cooperation among members of society; it is a fundament for the most of the daily individual and social interactions and communications in the human societies.
This article is based on a survey research. The statistical society of the research is all undergraduate students in Faculty of Social Sciences of Allameh Tabatabai University and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering of Tehran University. After accomplishing the statistical calculations using the Cochran sampling formula, numbers of samples were defined 370.
Analyzing the hypotheses shows that there are significant relations among level of using Internet and participation in peer and friendly groups in the virtual space, amounts of participation in scientific, literary and cultural associations, economic-social status and level of social trust. The regression analysis also shows that independent variables, in general, signify 51 percent of the changes of dependent variable.
In conclusion social trust is one of the most important human demands. Thus, human relations can be considered as valuable capital. Besides gaining these capitals, we should always think of preserving these social capitals, as well as keeping them away from erosion over times.
