Abdorasool Hashemi; Mostafa Azkia; Seyyed Yaghoub Mousavi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to understand the lived experience of urban poor of the causes affecting poverty. The research method was grounded theory and the study population included the heads of urban poor households living in districts 17, 18 and 19 of Tehran Municipality. Sampling was initially ...
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The purpose of this study is to understand the lived experience of urban poor of the causes affecting poverty. The research method was grounded theory and the study population included the heads of urban poor households living in districts 17, 18 and 19 of Tehran Municipality. Sampling was initially purposeful and continued until the stage of theoretical saturation. As a result, the nuclear category emerged as social exclusion from the labor market. Findings based on the paradigm model of the research were divided into five axes (causal conditions, intervening conditions and contextual conditions, strategies and consequences). In this article, the causal conditions of exclusion from the labor market are discussed. According to the participants, causal conditions include four main categories: economic capital weakness, human capital weakness, unfavorable economic conditions and unfavorable employment conditions. According to the findings, many urban poor living in the study areas had a history of rural poverty, the most obvious aspect of which is the weakness of economic and human capital. Also, their employment conditions in the city are very much affected by unfavorable economic conditions (such as: economic sanctions, outbreak of coronary heart disease, mechanization of production and provision of services and the presence of foreign nationals) and unfavorable employment conditions to the extent that these conditions have led to the perpetuation of inter generational poverty.
Zahra Aslani; m a; Habib Zanjani
Abstract
Investigating the effective factors on urban electricity consumption with the fundamental theory approach(Case study: District 5 of Tehran)
Zahra Aslani[1], Mostafa Azkia[2], Habiballah Zanjani[3]
Receive: 20/11/2017
Accept: 21/2/2018
Abstract
Energy has always played an essential role in ...
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Investigating the effective factors on urban electricity consumption with the fundamental theory approach(Case study: District 5 of Tehran)
Zahra Aslani[1], Mostafa Azkia[2], Habiballah Zanjani[3]
Receive: 20/11/2017
Accept: 21/2/2018
Abstract
Energy has always played an essential role in human life. In the current situation, due to the increasing number of consumers and the changing lifestyles of individuals and the need for faster access to consumer needs because of time constraints, the society has always faced the danger of waste and reduced resources and the concern to improve and optimize consumption patterns of people in the community .Among energy carriers, electricity is especially important due to its high benefits and increasing demand. The present study uses a qualitative method based on the fundamental theory approach to study the habits of urban power consumption. Based on the purposeful sampling method and theoretical saturation criterion, 56 residents of district 5 of Tehran were interviewed. During the data encoding process from 631 data, 173 concepts, 24 categories of items and 6 major categories were constructed and finally the main category of "the habits of urban household energy consumption" was extracted. Research findings show that on the individual level, factors such as comfort, lack of individual responsibility, distrust, low awareness and at the mid-level the habit and daily routine and at macro level, the technological developments and energy policies on unsustainable consumption of energy and its continuity in the form of consumption habits effect the families..
Keywords: Energy consumption, consumption habitus, electricity, urban household, grounded theory
[1] Doctoral student in sociology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran.
[2] Professor of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran (responsible author) mostafa_azkia@yahoo.com
[3] A faculty member of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, habib_zanjani@yahoo.com.
