nasim abdolahzadeh; keivan bolandhematan; naser shirbagi
Abstract
An equitable education system can offset the impact of economic and social inequalities and in the context of education allow individuals to make the most of education regardless of their background. According to the constitution in Iran, education up to the secondary level is free, but due to privatization, ...
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An equitable education system can offset the impact of economic and social inequalities and in the context of education allow individuals to make the most of education regardless of their background. According to the constitution in Iran, education up to the secondary level is free, but due to privatization, this has not only not been achieved but has also led to the reproduction of educational inequality. Accordingly, the theoretical framework of this research is the views of Bulls and Gentis; The idea of incompatibility/agreement, Bourdieu and the theory of reproduction; Michael W. Apple; Critical pedagogy, all of which provide critical insight into educational inequality. Therefore, we used the experiences of high school principals in Sanandaj as a basis for theoretical and experimental analysis to explain the situation of contextual, causal, and interventions of how to reproduce educational inequality, according to which 8 educational principals were interviewed. Continuous data analysis and comparison techniques were used to analyze the data. The results showed that increasing tuition costs acted as a precondition for outsourcing public education and a decrease in educational equity as causal conditions for educational inequality. Also, the economic orientation of private schools as intervening conditions in differentiating the educational sector at the individual, family, and spatial-urban levels is another factor and consequence of this educational inequality.
shahrevar rostai; kiomars naimi; salman mahmodi
Abstract
Urban sustainability depends on relative welfare, citizen participation and social awareness for all community members. In fact, sustainability requires observing social and spatial justice and balanced attention to different aspects of community life, so that human resources optimistically take part ...
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Urban sustainability depends on relative welfare, citizen participation and social awareness for all community members. In fact, sustainability requires observing social and spatial justice and balanced attention to different aspects of community life, so that human resources optimistically take part in the development process. Today, due to the growth of cities, the physical development of cities and the lack of equitable distribution of services and facilities, spatial inequalities in different spheres, particularly in the field of education of urban residents, are among the key factors affecting the sustainability of settlements. Therefore addressing the issues of spatial inequality and educational inequality are very important. This paper tries to analyze educational inequality in different urban blocks and its role in the stability of the city ofSaqqez. For the purpose of this research, analytical method was used and to gather data and information, library method was employed. The statistical data belonged to 2011, available in theCenter ofStatistics ofIran; the data was analyzed using spatial statistics models, Hot Spot Analysis and Autocorrelation Moran’s I. The results show that theblocks of Saqqez had educational inequality. Blocks 1, 6, 7, 8, 13, 17, and 18 had an undesirable situation, while blocks 2, 4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, and 19 had a proper situation. And distribution pattern of educational inequality in Saqqez follows the cluster model. According to the results from Pearson Test, between educational inequalities and urban sustainability, with a correlation coefficient of (-0.054 **) and with regard to the significance level of less than (0.050), there is a reverse significant relationship. This means that an increase in the educational inequality has a negative impact on urban sustainability.
