Faezeh Zarei; Soheila Alirezanejad
Abstract
Although poverty is a common phenomenon, no group suffers as much from the negative effects of poverty as children. The main question of the article is to ascertain whether the experience of poverty differs between girls and boys? In this article, an ethnographic method is used to collect information ...
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Although poverty is a common phenomenon, no group suffers as much from the negative effects of poverty as children. The main question of the article is to ascertain whether the experience of poverty differs between girls and boys? In this article, an ethnographic method is used to collect information from 30 children (16 girls and 14 boys) aged 10 to 17 who have experienced a life of poverty. Data analysis was performed using conventional qualitative content analysis. Findings show that girls and boys experience similar and different experiences of poverty at the same time. While the lack of clothing, housing, and food is similarly experienced and perceived by girls and boys, the fact that girls work at home, their lack of access to public space becomes extra challenges for them. Prolonged stay at home makes access to private space at home more important for girls. On the other hand, the division of gender labor in early childhood is strictly applied to girls and boys in poor families. As boys gain access to money, the resources available to them inside and outside the home increase, but waged labor from an early age increases the physical and psychological stress for boys. A better understanding of child poverty due to gender characteristics can lead to more effective welfare and protection policies.
s p; ali darveshi
Abstract
The present article aims to study the subculture of poverty among “gypsies” in Harandi Neighborhood (formerly known as Darvazeh Ghar) in Tehran. The research method is qualitative and the data was gathered using observation and interview techniques. The sample size was 40 people, and it was ...
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The present article aims to study the subculture of poverty among “gypsies” in Harandi Neighborhood (formerly known as Darvazeh Ghar) in Tehran. The research method is qualitative and the data was gathered using observation and interview techniques. The sample size was 40 people, and it was completed when the theoretical saturation was achieved. The results of this study show that the gypsies have a special poverty subculture that paves the way for different kinds of social issues and pathologies. Also the findings show that the subculture of the gypsies include elements such as poverty, valuing poverty, seeking adventure and excitement, hedonism, violating the law, being here and now, unwillingness to care about future, low social participation and lacking any feeling of belonging to the urban environment. Also the subculture of poverty is closely related to the formation of different social pathologies, such as addiction, violence, gambling and drug dealing.
Masoume Dowleh; moslem shojae
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of moral leadership on occupational burnout with emphasis on the mediating role of social and psychological capital. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population was the ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of moral leadership on occupational burnout with emphasis on the mediating role of social and psychological capital. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population was the teachers working in the secondary school of high school in Behbahan in the academic year 1399-1400 with 380 people. The sample size which was calculated using a simple random sampling method and based on Morgan table was 181 people. In order to collect data, the Ethical Leadership Questionnaire of Kalashoven et al. (2011), Maslach’s Occupational Burnout Questionnaire (2002), Psychological capital Questionnaire of Luthans et al. (2007) and Abili’s Social Capital Questionnaire (2011) were used. The results showed that moral leadership has a positive and significant effect on psychological capital and social capital; social capital has a negative and significant effect on occupational burnout as well as moral leadership on occupational burnout, but psychological capital has no significant effect on occupational burnout. Psychological capital and social capital have a mediating role in the relationship between moral leadership and occupational burnout, so that moral leadership has a direct and indirect effect on burnout. Therefore, by strengthening the moral leadership, social and psychological capital of teachers, it is possible to prevent their occupational burnout.
۸۰/۵۰۰۰ Social Development Social Welfare Globalization Family abuse Job Satisfaction social participation
sudabeh khosropour; mohammad hossein asadi davod abadi; omid aliahmadi; ali roshanaie
Abstract
Abstract:The aim of this study was to study the role of development programs on gender justice and the distribution of life opportunities in Qazvin women in 1398. In this qualitative study, thematic method has been used. The statistical population of the study is the content of six development programs ...
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Abstract:The aim of this study was to study the role of development programs on gender justice and the distribution of life opportunities in Qazvin women in 1398. In this qualitative study, thematic method has been used. The statistical population of the study is the content of six development programs in Iran and statistics and indicators related to the situation of women in Qazvin province. "," Women "and even the Arabic equivalent of" women "and" girls ". In this study, the content of six development programs was exploited. In order to analyze the data, the technical analysis method was used. In the first stage, 71 primary codes, in the second stage, 26 sub-themes and in the third stage, 6 main themes (health, education, socio-political, employment, culture and welfare and social support) were identified. Findings regarding the situation of women in Qazvin province indicate that the more we move from the first program to the sixth, the more legal material is observed with a gender approach. Although the realities of the development programs are inconsistent with the overall spirit of the program and in this respect, especially in the field of employment and politics, is contrary to the goals of the development program, but the achievements of women in education can not be Ignored.
Volume 1, Issue 5 , January 2011, , Pages 35-60
Abstract
Citizenship is amongst the major socioeconomic fields which has propounded in different forms throughout history. People enjoy equal rights on the basis of citizenship and these rights often are compromised by a set of their responsibilities towards government and society. This article describes the ...
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Citizenship is amongst the major socioeconomic fields which has propounded in different forms throughout history. People enjoy equal rights on the basis of citizenship and these rights often are compromised by a set of their responsibilities towards government and society. This article describes the awareness level of university students and tries to analyze and explain it on the basis of the research findings. The research method is survey and conducted on a sample which includes 300 students of Allame Tabatabaei and AzadUniversities.
The results show that the level of students' awareness of citizenship rights has been various. The highest level of awareness relates to the gender dimension and the lowest level relates to the civil dimension. Furthermore the level of students' awareness significantly correlates with the amount of their social awareness and their values and attitudes toward citizenship.
h s; m b
Abstract
Abstract
By introducing sustainable development indicators by the United Nations, in addition to the importance of quantitative economic variables, emphasis was placed on the qualitative aspects of human life such as education and employment, and it was argued that the strengthening and development ...
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Abstract
By introducing sustainable development indicators by the United Nations, in addition to the importance of quantitative economic variables, emphasis was placed on the qualitative aspects of human life such as education and employment, and it was argued that the strengthening and development of abilities, skills And human capabilities reduce the risk of unemployment and, as a result, the socioeconomic situation moves towards sustainable development. The main objective of present study is to investigate the proportionate and disproportionate growth rate of employment in Lorestan province of Iran during the period of 2001-2011, compared to the rest of the county (Reference Sector) at national level, using Shift-Share and Location Quotient models. The measured Location Quotient (LQ) coefficients, show that from the viewpoint of employment rate and its share in different economic sectors, the agricultural sector still remains to be a basic and fundamental sector compared to other sectors of industry and services, towards achieving sustainable development objectives in Lorestan. It is necessary to activate a significant amount of demand for employment in the province by activating regional capabilities and implementing development programs tailored to business conditions. At the same time, the skill-oriented training system of the labor force supply side should also be regulated according to the labour demand market.
Key words: Employment, relative advantage, shift share analysis, location Quotient.
rahman saeedi
Abstract
The study of directors and employees’ activities in the Social Security Organization would support solving problems including the rate of insurance, incomes of investment and medical services. In this research, we used communicative action theory and factorial uses theory. The statistical population ...
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The study of directors and employees’ activities in the Social Security Organization would support solving problems including the rate of insurance, incomes of investment and medical services. In this research, we used communicative action theory and factorial uses theory. The statistical population was all directors and employees of Social Security Organization in Tehran. The selected sample was 45 people including 13 directors and 32 employees. The results of this study show that there are significant differences between the views of directors and employees of Social Security Organization with regard to increasing benefits, management techniques, work progress and other problems in the organization. This shows that there is not any interaction between directors and employees. Finally, our suggestion in this research is more interaction between directors and employees in Social Security Organization. Therefore, Public Relation Sector plays an important role in the organization.
t a
Abstract
Development, underdevelopment and backwardness are used together or in place of each other among many development experts in Iran. This conceptual and semantic overlap causes major misunderstanding about current development trends in Iran. In this article we try to introduce the background of the idea ...
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Development, underdevelopment and backwardness are used together or in place of each other among many development experts in Iran. This conceptual and semantic overlap causes major misunderstanding about current development trends in Iran. In this article we try to introduce the background of the idea that instead of understanding development as a process and operation, backwardness and underdevelopment has been emphasized and we also refer to its aspects as the paradigm of backwardness.Regarding this we take the question of "What shouldn’t we do?" instead of emphasizing "What should we do?" Because the second question leads us towards a new idealism that comes with increased expectations and desires rather than understanding the realities and empowering to take better advantage of the conditions. In this sense, conceptually and theoretically, the native development and development experience will be focused and people's participation and people-oriented development will be emphasized rather than centralized government programs.
asghar asgari khanghaah; mansur yousefi jolandan
Abstract
Worshiping and sacredness has been a part of the culture of different tribessince ancient times, and praying has an important position in different religions. This holds true with Islamtoo,and visiting cemeteries, asking for the intercession of, having recourse to Holy Figures and Imams, are considered ...
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Worshiping and sacredness has been a part of the culture of different tribessince ancient times, and praying has an important position in different religions. This holds true with Islamtoo,and visiting cemeteries, asking for the intercession of, having recourse to Holy Figures and Imams, are considered to be religious rituals. Taking the subcultures of different tribes and religions into consideration, various forms of religious rituals and ceremonies can be observed all over the world. Holy tombs and shrines are annually visited by many pilgrims, having a noticeableimpact on thelivesof Muslims, resulting in political, social, and especially economic developments. The burial place of a religious - historical figure has always resulted in municipal development andcreating financial resources for the dwellersby attracting visitors and pilgrims. This is an instance of cultural indices of the development of cities and villages. This paper aims to study different functions of holy tombs and shrines, alongside with the impact of subcultures on economic development of an area.
seyed mohammad mousavi; g a; asghar eftekhari
Abstract
Abstract In social security, a positive view is seen versus of a negative view to establish security in the society, the negative view believes that security in the society is only from the government, a positive view believes that not only government but also communities and groups play a role. The ...
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Abstract In social security, a positive view is seen versus of a negative view to establish security in the society, the negative view believes that security in the society is only from the government, a positive view believes that not only government but also communities and groups play a role. The creation of a society in a tourism destination requires the interaction of the tourist host communities with the government and the interaction of the important groups such as authority groups which are could shape the identity of the society beside of the supportive role of governments in the local community. Therefore, in this research based on positive discourse, finding the criteria of local social security indicates for tourism purposes of the Islamic Republic of Iran and extracted the reasons which are important for tourism industry. The present research is applied and has a descriptive-analytical approach. The documentary-library technique has been used for data collection. For data analysis, an expert opinion questionnaire has been used. In this research, after identifying the positive social security triple theories (social security, social culture and social identity), the indicators related to these dimensions are extracted from the concepts and theories of sociology of tourism and social security, and in the three dimensions of locating. It turned out; therefore, after studying the documents, a list of relevant statements was identified, selected and analyzed. Finally, 8 components and 18 indicators from three dimensions of social security, social culture and social identity were counted. Extractive indicators can be a tool for measuring capabilities and formulating drivers for the future of social security for tourism purposes in Iran. Keywords: Security, Social Security, Positive Discourse, Tourism Destinations, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Vahid Saat chian; Mehdi Karoubi; Ahmad Mahmoudi; b k
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social acceptance according to planning of behaviour and sustainable development of students in using bicycles. The research method was descriptive-correlational, distributed by a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social acceptance according to planning of behaviour and sustainable development of students in using bicycles. The research method was descriptive-correlational, distributed by a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was students of Imam Reza University of Mashhad. A randomized simple sampling method was used to collect the questionnaire (32 items) from 5 to 7 times 254 people. According to the probability distribution, 270 questionnaires were distributed among the subjects. A researcher-made questionnaire based on the Spritzer model (1997) and social acceptance questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior of Eisen (1985), derived from previous research was used. The reliability coefficient (83/0) came out. Findings of the research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between social acceptance and sustainable development (P<0.05). Also, 20% of the changes in sustainable development were related to the dimensions of social acceptance. Based on the results and given the importance of the role of social acceptance in improving and enhancing the sustainable development of bicycle use, it can be argued that by studying and researching this field, and paying attention to the development of these factors, we have taken effective steps towards achieving sustainable development.
Azar Darvish; Soheila Alirezanejad
Abstract
The main question in this paper is whether perceptions of health are similar across age groups. If yes, what are these differences? To answer this question, Grounded Theory and Semi-Structured Interviewing Technique with 34Young Adults in Semnan City were used. This study was conducted in two neighborhoods ...
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The main question in this paper is whether perceptions of health are similar across age groups. If yes, what are these differences? To answer this question, Grounded Theory and Semi-Structured Interviewing Technique with 34Young Adults in Semnan City were used. This study was conducted in two neighborhoods with different levels of economic well-being. This study was conducted in two neighborhoods with different levels of economic well-being and with the emergence of categories, it became theoretical sampling, and with the non-emergence of a new concept in the last four interviews, it became final. Purposeful sampling was used to select the sample of this research. The findings show that there are four main categories of health, health, perception of life, and behavior therapy in understanding health behavior. According to the identified categories and subcategories, four main paradigms were identified. These paradigms are 1. The paradigm pattern of traditional behavior, 2. The beautiful and fit body pattern, 3. The body pattern as a tool, 4. The pattern of returning to nature. Young people are mainly seen in the age group of a beautiful and fit body. The message conditions in this model are the emergence of secondary disease and the dramatic consumption of health goods. Adults are mainly placed in the body pattern by tools.
Volume 3, Issue 12 , October 2012, , Pages 59-78
Abstract
Tourism development as a cultural phenomenon develops the cultural exchange opportunities between tourists and host community. Form, structure, construction of public spaces, etc. are elements that shape the historical identity of cities and the construction of these buildings and many other urban constructions ...
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Tourism development as a cultural phenomenon develops the cultural exchange opportunities between tourists and host community. Form, structure, construction of public spaces, etc. are elements that shape the historical identity of cities and the construction of these buildings and many other urban constructions make urban areas more appealing. Cultural tourism is a move from people to visit cultural attractions with the aim to obtain new information and experience in order to satisfy the cultural needs. Isfahan can be considered as one of the world's major cities and a unique exception due to the body of the city, which can be regarded as a valuable solid unit carrying specific thinking and viewpoints. Isfahan is not only a crystallization of a worldview but because of its spatial variation, it is one of the most unique cities with dozens of historical, cultural, religious, and natural attractions. The current research is and applied and developmental one. For the cultural-historical tourism analysis of Isfahan, we provided indices in five dimensions of economic, competitive, social, and cultural, facilities and services and attraction. The defined standards and criteria were implemented and evaluated within the AHP models. Results showed that Naghsh-e Jahan Square has the first rank and Hasht-Behesht (the palace of eight paradises) has the second rank in the historical attractions of Isfahan. Also based on paired comparisons between criteria, social-cultural criteria and attractions have the highest priority; thus, they are influential in historical-cultural tourism development.
shahrevar rostai; kiomars naimi; salman mahmodi
Abstract
Urban sustainability depends on relative welfare, citizen participation and social awareness for all community members. In fact, sustainability requires observing social and spatial justice and balanced attention to different aspects of community life, so that human resources optimistically take part ...
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Urban sustainability depends on relative welfare, citizen participation and social awareness for all community members. In fact, sustainability requires observing social and spatial justice and balanced attention to different aspects of community life, so that human resources optimistically take part in the development process. Today, due to the growth of cities, the physical development of cities and the lack of equitable distribution of services and facilities, spatial inequalities in different spheres, particularly in the field of education of urban residents, are among the key factors affecting the sustainability of settlements. Therefore addressing the issues of spatial inequality and educational inequality are very important. This paper tries to analyze educational inequality in different urban blocks and its role in the stability of the city ofSaqqez. For the purpose of this research, analytical method was used and to gather data and information, library method was employed. The statistical data belonged to 2011, available in theCenter ofStatistics ofIran; the data was analyzed using spatial statistics models, Hot Spot Analysis and Autocorrelation Moran’s I. The results show that theblocks of Saqqez had educational inequality. Blocks 1, 6, 7, 8, 13, 17, and 18 had an undesirable situation, while blocks 2, 4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, and 19 had a proper situation. And distribution pattern of educational inequality in Saqqez follows the cluster model. According to the results from Pearson Test, between educational inequalities and urban sustainability, with a correlation coefficient of (-0.054 **) and with regard to the significance level of less than (0.050), there is a reverse significant relationship. This means that an increase in the educational inequality has a negative impact on urban sustainability.
Mohammad Bagher Tajeddin
Abstract
conclusion of the research is that the social health is more achieved fromsocial conditions than individual conditions and the higher the rate of improvement of the structural conditions is, the higher level of social health can be expected in the society. In fact, promoting social health is highly dependent ...
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conclusion of the research is that the social health is more achieved fromsocial conditions than individual conditions and the higher the rate of improvement of the structural conditions is, the higher level of social health can be expected in the society. In fact, promoting social health is highly dependent on improving the quality of life, social support, socio-economic status and social security. Keywords: Social Health, Social Support, Life Quality, Social Security and Socio-economic Status Determinants of Social Health of Citizens in District 12 of Mohammad Bagher Tajeddin[1] Received: 26/2/2017 Accepted: 30/10/2017 AbstractSocial health can be defined as the assessment of individuals from their social relationships, how others react to them, and how they interact with social and community institutions. On the other hand, metropolitan areas face a lot of social problems and social issues that require more attention to this issue. Considering the increasing importance of the issue of social health, this study seeks to investigate this important issue by analyzing social determinants affecting social health. This research was conducted among 400 citizens living in the 12th district of Tehran city and the theoretical approach of "Curie Keys and Shapiro” was used for theoretical explanation. A survey method and a questionnaire via cluster sampling method were applied to collect the data. The results showed that the four variables of social support, quality of life, social security and socioeconomic status are all related to social health as the dependent variable and the independent variables were also able to predict the social health. Based on this, the highest predictive value of the social support variable (with beta coefficient of 0.50) and then, respectively, related to quality of life variable (with beta coefficient of 0.24), social security (with a beta coefficient of 0.22) And the socio-economic base (with a beta coefficient of 10/0). The most important Tehran [1]. Assistant professor of Islamic Azad university (East branch of Tehran)
gholamreza latifi
Abstract
Identification and Development of Coordinated Urban Management in the Metropolis of Isfahan Gholamreza Latifi[1] Receive: 6/2/2018 Accept: 8/1/2019 Abstract Urban management in Iran has a lot of serious problems in the current situation. The analysis of urban management challenges demonstrates ...
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Identification and Development of Coordinated Urban Management in the Metropolis of Isfahan Gholamreza Latifi[1] Receive: 6/2/2018 Accept: 8/1/2019 Abstract Urban management in Iran has a lot of serious problems in the current situation. The analysis of urban management challenges demonstrates the multiplicity of urban management, the multiplicity of parallel interagency activities, as a result of disruption and inconsistency, the loss of energy and national capital, the neglect of the element of time in dealing with citizens and their dissatisfaction. Therefore, with regard to the range of affairs, the need for a new approach to urban management on the one hand, and the government's strategies and the development of the administrative and managerial structure of the country on the other hand, justify the need to consider municipalities as local and administrative institutions and the assignment of new powers and duties. has done .The purpose of this research is to achieve good and efficient city management through the establishment of integrated and coordinated urban management in the urban management system in Iran, which will ultimately lead to the identification and formulation of solutions for the implementation of integrated and coordinated urban management. This research was conducted in a survey method and the method used for analyzing in this research is a descriptive and analytical method. Using SPSS software and AHP method, EXPERT CHOICE software was used to extract the data of the questionnaire. The research population is composed of the first group of urban and sub-urban managers and the second group, urban experts (state institutions), students and professors and citizens. Using the current sampling methods, the sample size was estimated and ultimately reached 195. The results of the research showed that although the municipality as a local institution has a strong role in monitoring, controlling, planning and implementing the city affairs, this institution, considering that it is closely associated with urban issues. Policies and regulations have very little authority and most of its activities have service aspects. Therefore, in order to achieve efficient and sustainable urban management, it is necessary to revise this area and the municipality will have more authority as an effective body in urban affairs. This seems to be achieved by amending, codifying and regulating laws and regulations to provide a performance guarantee. On the other hand, the most important barriers and challenges of integrated and coordinated urban management are the lack of new and specific rules and regulations, and the lack of enforcement of these laws, the gap between the legislator and the local implementation realities, the lack of willingness to engage and coordinate between organizations and organizations, different programs, lack of scheduled programs for implementation of projects, the independence of the responsible organizations and the lack of managerial communication among managers in the metropolis of Isfahan from the viewpoint of the experts of urban management. Keywords: Urban Coordinate Management, Senior Civil Servants, Urban Specialists, Isfahan, Law [1]. Associate Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, Allame Tabataba’i, Tehran, Iran. latifi@ atu.ac.ir
Jafar hezarjarebi; mohammad sedghorab; saber jafarikafeabad; sedmahdi dabestani
Abstract
With the vast social changes in Iran in recent years; the role, view and expectations of girls and women has experienced the most serious social challenges. Their unexampled attendance in various social, political, economic and cultural arenas truly shows this matter. Nonetheless it seems that these ...
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With the vast social changes in Iran in recent years; the role, view and expectations of girls and women has experienced the most serious social challenges. Their unexampled attendance in various social, political, economic and cultural arenas truly shows this matter. Nonetheless it seems that these codified social programs do not consider the real condition and because of insufficient acquaintance with the target group, don't have the proper congruity with their respondents. The goal of this research is to show an image of basic needs, priorities and preferences of 9 - 18 years old girls in Tehran. Needs of girls are divided under two general social and psycho-individual classes. Results of the research showed that institutional trust and general trust are the most important items for them; and among thirteen determined psycho-individual needs, getting adored, success and kindness are the most important items. Among different kinds of music, juvenile girls prefer listening to pop music. They prefer jaunt with their friends to other kinds of spending leisure time; and happy and comedy is their beloved movie genre. Results of scrutinizing the correlations between different needs and background variables show that economic strata of family has the least meaningful correlations with the needs of juvenile girls. Cultural capital and age- level of education- respectively show more meaningful correlations.
manejeh mohammadzadeh; abolfazl amanein; sedrasol hosseni
Abstract
This study aims to identify the relationship between social capital (trust, norms and social networks) and organizational entrepreneurship development. In this study the components of Nahapiet and Ghoshal’s social capital theory and Antonich & Hisrich’s theory about organizational entrepreneurship ...
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This study aims to identify the relationship between social capital (trust, norms and social networks) and organizational entrepreneurship development. In this study the components of Nahapiet and Ghoshal’s social capital theory and Antonich & Hisrich’s theory about organizational entrepreneurship were used. The research method was descriptive correlation and a combination of documentary and field methods. In the field analysis, 372 employees working in Iran Khodro Industrial Group in 2014 participated by filling out a researcher made-questionnaire of social capital (Nehapiet & Ghoshal, 2002) and a researcher-made questionnaire for the seven dimensions of organizational entrepreneurship (Antonich & Hisrich, 2003). Participants were selected and studied using the quota sampling method. Data analysis was done at two levels of descriptive (mean) and expressive (Pearson correlation coefficient, Mean test and binary linear regression). The results showed a direct relationship between social capital and its five dimensions and the rate of organizational entrepreneurship. The results of linear regression test indicated a linear relationship between the two variables of social capital and the rate of organizational entrepreneurship while social capital had the potential of predicting 21 percent of changes in organizational entrepreneurship. Overall, the results showed that organizational entrepreneurship, as a syncretistic construct (technological, managerial and social), is subject to the quality and quantity of social capital and its dimensions.
Volume 3, Issue 10 , February 2012, , Pages 65-102
Abstract
The remoteness, marginality and lack of stability in border regions of our country are situational factors that have detrimental effect on the development of these regions. The strategic significance of these regions necessitates the intervention of an external factor to guarantee their development as ...
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The remoteness, marginality and lack of stability in border regions of our country are situational factors that have detrimental effect on the development of these regions. The strategic significance of these regions necessitates the intervention of an external factor to guarantee their development as well as the exploitation of their situational potentials. Cooperatives of border dwellers can have a major role in the stable land development of the border regions. Southern Khorasan, as a border province, has paramount security and strategic importance in providing national security; however, it is one of the least developed regions in our country and to develop it, we can focus on the potentials of the cooperatives section. This province has more than 430 kilometers common border with Afghanistan and has twelve such cooperatives.
The present study is a library research and based on field survey. For the field survey, field observation, interview with the managers and authorities and questionnaires were used. At macro level, all the cooperatives of the border dwellers in the province and at micro level, all the families who were members of these cooperatives in Darmian made up the population of the research. At macro level the unit of analysis was the cooperatives and the managers of all cooperatives in the province (12 cases) received a pre-structured questionnaire. From among these twelve, six cooperatives were selected as the sample of the study based on the availability of their managers, activity level, date of establishment and number of members. At micro level, based on the spread of the member families (in 25 villages), the sample was drawn using stratified sampling and the result was a total number of 140 families. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. It was revealed that the selected cooperatives, in spite of marginal factors like long draught in the region, have had a positive impact upon the reduction of immigration, increase of income, economic welfare and development of the region and the research hypotheses were confirmed. In the qualitative analysis, using the strategic planning method of SWTO, some suggestions were given for increasing the efficacy of the cooperatives; these suggestions include more investment on the part of the government, and reduction of legal and functional restrictions of the cooperatives.
Volume 2, Issue 6 , May 2011, , Pages 65-98
Abstract
The literature on university entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial university is rapidly expanding. Universities in developed countries have become increasingly entrepreneurial. In knowledge-based economy, universities in addition to their traditional missions like education and research have been involved ...
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The literature on university entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial university is rapidly expanding. Universities in developed countries have become increasingly entrepreneurial. In knowledge-based economy, universities in addition to their traditional missions like education and research have been involved in their third mission including innovation process and technology development. In this respect, new networks related to universities are grown and universities regarding their capacities as generators and distributors of knowledge, in the form of entrepreneurial universities play their crucial roles in industrial innovation, technology development , job creation and prosperity as well. In this regard, the new age faces huge developments in academic systems to be in line with indigenous, regional and international economic development. Therefore, the overcoming approach of educational and research activities, is demand oriented in relation with peripheral organizations. If mutual relations of academic environment with external organizations including firms are organized with effective mechanisms, its result will be job creation, prosperity and more productivity of human and non-human resources.
This paper aims to express the modern entrepreneurial roles of academics, explain the evolutionary process of the knowledge production styles including global experiences, academic entrepreneurship models and mechanisms first, then tries to draw a framework to expand the academic entrepreneurial activities for technology development, job creation and prosperity.
Saeed Soltani; Davoud Qasemzadeh
Abstract
Today, happiness is one of the most important indicators of mental health in society and is one of the basic concepts and components in the lives of young people. In this study, the study of happiness from a sociological perspective has been considered and capital factors (social, cultural and economic ...
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Today, happiness is one of the most important indicators of mental health in society and is one of the basic concepts and components in the lives of young people. In this study, the study of happiness from a sociological perspective has been considered and capital factors (social, cultural and economic capital) and non-capital factors (hope for the future, religiosity and life satisfaction) have been examined in relation to it. The present study was conducted by survey method and its statistical population is young people aged 15 to 29 years in East Azerbaijan province, that 613 of whom were selected using the Cochran's formula and multi-stage cluster sampling. Findings show that the average happiness among the studied youth is 60.31%, which shows that happiness has a moderate to high status among the youth . The results of the test of hypotheses show that the mean of happiness did not differ by gender and marital status, but by the level of education of young people, city of residence, employment status had had significant relationship. Happiness is also positively and significantly associated with the hope for the future, religiosity, life satisfaction, social and economic capital. The results of regression analysis show that, among the variables , variables of hope for the future, social and cultural capital, life satisfaction and economic capital explain 43% of the variance of happiness.
Volume 2, Issue 8 , October 2011, , Pages 67-86
Abstract
The purpose of all Kinds of planning in cities is to achieve urban Welfare and for measuring welfare in there, composite indicators are used. To do so this paper is about the study which was done for assessment of welfare in Shiraz metropolitan by using Clarke index and social welfare function. As a ...
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The purpose of all Kinds of planning in cities is to achieve urban Welfare and for measuring welfare in there, composite indicators are used. To do so this paper is about the study which was done for assessment of welfare in Shiraz metropolitan by using Clarke index and social welfare function. As a quantitative-analytical research, it used variables of hierarchical needs for Clark Index and income for social welfare function. Income data was based on official data of the Statistical Center of Iran. Moreover to apply this function in nine Zone of Shiraz metropolitan also field data was collected from 384 households. The Statistical population is households of Shiraz which due to the General Population and Housing Census in 2006 was about of 344,533 people.
Assessment of welfare indicates an increasing trend so that the index has reached from 0.253 in 2001 to 0.424 in 2006. The Clarke index which was calculated for 2002 -2005 shows escalating trend (0.281 - 0.388) in this period. According to the findings also by considering levels of sensitivity to inequality reveal that the most unequal years were 2006 and 2005 and the lowest ones were 2002 and 2003 respectively.
Volume 2, Issue 7 , July 2011, , Pages 67-98
Abstract
Old age is one of the most delicate and important periods in human life. Since this group is among the sensitive, paying attention to the issues of this period such as life quality and social support is of great importance. Therefore, to improve the quality of life, they must get various informal support ...
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Old age is one of the most delicate and important periods in human life. Since this group is among the sensitive, paying attention to the issues of this period such as life quality and social support is of great importance. Therefore, to improve the quality of life, they must get various informal support from their network members or formal support from social security service. Not only is the present study going to determine the status of the elderly life quality but also to investigate the role of (formal and informal) social support in this area. Here informal social support is investigated in two dimensions of functional and structural referring to social network theories such as Leen, Welmer and Granuter; Furthermore formal social support is studied by social welfare and support. Also, life quality is examined from objective and subjective point of view due to theories of France and Zan.
Statistical population of the survey is 60 or older pensioners of Civil Servants Persian Fund and Social Security Organization who live in Tehran. Using multi-staged and random cluster sampling, 384 of them are selected by Kukran formula as a sample society.
The results show that there is direct and significant relation between various social support (formal and informal), and life quality. Considering coefficients indicates high social coefficients of formal and informal social support and subjective aspect of life. Coefficient relationships between functional aspects of informal support and subjective aspect of life quality among the mentioned elderly are stronger than other relationships. In the regression multi-factor analysis, adequacy of formal supports has higher rates and informal supports in the functional aspect (instrumental) and structural links (individual and group links) are in the subsequent ranks.
Volume 1, Issue 4 , May 2010, , Pages 67-92
Abstract
This research tries to investigate relation between beliefs, values and life styles of people who live in marginal settlements of TABRIZ with the level of economic poverty. In fact the basic idea of this study is personal choice and responsibility in relation with poverty which is measured by essential ...
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This research tries to investigate relation between beliefs, values and life styles of people who live in marginal settlements of TABRIZ with the level of economic poverty. In fact the basic idea of this study is personal choice and responsibility in relation with poverty which is measured by essential indicators of human agency. Theoretical framework and hypothesis are driven out from action theory and other perspectives such as rational choice theory and cultural perspectives of poverty. Research method includes correlation analysis and survey. Data were collected by structured interviews from 390 marginal people of TABRIZ metropolis. Data are analyzed by SPSS software and statistical methods such as Bivariate correlation in ordinal by ordinal cross tab tables, partial R Pearson, multiple regression and path analysis are used. Results show that desire to progress and desire to environmental control have negative correlation with level of poverty. Also attitude towards poverty, Emotional dependence, believe in destiny and conformity positively effect on level of poverty. Multiple regression analysis shows that R square =0/142 and more than 85 percent of variance of poverty cannot be predicted by variables. The most important predictor of economic poverty is desire to progress.
rehaneh soltanimoghadas; mohammad merzaali
Abstract
Examining Socio-economic Impacts of Rural Cooperatives from Villagers Perspective (Case Study: Gonbad Kavus City) Reyhane Soltani Moghaddas[1] , Mohammad Mirzaali[2] Received: 12/12/2016 Accepted: 3/4/2017 Abstract ...
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Examining Socio-economic Impacts of Rural Cooperatives from Villagers Perspective (Case Study: Gonbad Kavus City) Reyhane Soltani Moghaddas[1] , Mohammad Mirzaali[2] Received: 12/12/2016 Accepted: 3/4/2017 Abstract Rural cooperatives are popular institutions that, while having the characteristics of an economic unit, have social values and norms, and can show the cooperative efforts of members to achieve common goals and development. Considering the role that cooperatives can play in agriculture, increasing the rural production, providing other services and therefore in rural development, It is essential to analyze their socio-economic effects and functions in rural development on rural residents. This research is a descriptive research methodology and the data were collected through documentary and survey operations (questionnaire). Through sampling, from 6726 rural cooperatives’ members in city of Gonbad, 210 persons were selected. Research findings show that the creation of rural cooperatives has economic effects such as supplying and distributing goods, providing production inputs and credit facilities, buying and marketing agricultural products, and also social impacts such as raising the education level and awareness, human resource development and Creating a framework for participation among members of the cooperatives. Also, the overall results of the research indicate that the creation of rural cooperatives has a positive and meaningful impact on their members, but in comparison to their economic impact, the performance and social feedback of these cooperatives on their rural members are lower and weaker. Keywords: Rural Cooperative Company, Rural Development, Economic Effects, Social Effects, Gonbad Kavoos. [1]. Assistant Professor of Geography, Payam-e-NoorUniversity, Tehran. Iran. (Corresponding Author). Email: r.soltani@pnu.ac.ir [2]. PhD Student of Geography, Payam-e-NoorUniversity, Tehran, Iran. Email: m.mirzaali63@yahoo.com
