The paper explores and reflects grandparents' health and life style in Tehran city. In recent decades, many grandparents have migrated to Tehran along with their offspring. The study of different aspects of grandparents' life will help younger generations to understand the elder generation as well as ...
Read More
The paper explores and reflects grandparents' health and life style in Tehran city. In recent decades, many grandparents have migrated to Tehran along with their offspring. The study of different aspects of grandparents' life will help younger generations to understand the elder generation as well as to plan for the later stages of life. Moreover, the paper identifies various dimensions of the quality of life and health of the grandparents. A description of their health disorders would help in predicting the possible aging-associated diseases as well as in showing how to plan for the younger generations who are approaching the second phase of their life, i.e. middle age. The paper also evaluates how social and economic conditions among the grandparents are different from each other.
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of data presents clear reflections on the growing population of elderly not only in Tehran but also in Iran. The method of research used in the present paper is that of survey, preceded by theoretical and literature review. In the process of research, 452 families with grandparents have been studied through questionnaires.
Order and security are fundamental indicators of human welfare and necessary for the growth and promotion of society and individuals. The relationship between social trust and sense of security among Tehrani citizens is examined and guidelines for its development are proposed.
The method of research ...
Read More
Order and security are fundamental indicators of human welfare and necessary for the growth and promotion of society and individuals. The relationship between social trust and sense of security among Tehrani citizens is examined and guidelines for its development are proposed.
The method of research is that of survey. The population consists of Tehrani citizens residing in 22 districts of Tehran, above the age of 15. The sample size is determined to be 384 using Cochran formula. The sampling technique is multistage cluster sampling and the instrument used for for data collection is questionnaire.
Findings of the research indicate that the sense of security is dependent on age and education. Age and sense of security are positively correlated; however, education and sense of security are negatively correlated. There was no significant difference between males and females regarding the sense of security. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between trust and sense of security. On the other hand, the sense of security among Tehrani citizens is under the average level.
The development of social trust may lead to an increase in the sense of security. There is a strong correlation between institutional trust and sense of security; therefore, improving the performance of institutions and preventing soft crimes in organizations, especially the ones responsible for social order, can be highly influential in the increase of the sense of security as an important indicator of social welfare and development. Cultural and educational planning can also improve the social trust.
Tourism development as a cultural phenomenon develops the cultural exchange opportunities between tourists and host community. Form, structure, construction of public spaces, etc. are elements that shape the historical identity of cities and the construction of these buildings and many other urban constructions ...
Read More
Tourism development as a cultural phenomenon develops the cultural exchange opportunities between tourists and host community. Form, structure, construction of public spaces, etc. are elements that shape the historical identity of cities and the construction of these buildings and many other urban constructions make urban areas more appealing. Cultural tourism is a move from people to visit cultural attractions with the aim to obtain new information and experience in order to satisfy the cultural needs. Isfahan can be considered as one of the world's major cities and a unique exception due to the body of the city, which can be regarded as a valuable solid unit carrying specific thinking and viewpoints. Isfahan is not only a crystallization of a worldview but because of its spatial variation, it is one of the most unique cities with dozens of historical, cultural, religious, and natural attractions. The current research is and applied and developmental one. For the cultural-historical tourism analysis of Isfahan, we provided indices in five dimensions of economic, competitive, social, and cultural, facilities and services and attraction. The defined standards and criteria were implemented and evaluated within the AHP models. Results showed that Naghsh-e Jahan Square has the first rank and Hasht-Behesht (the palace of eight paradises) has the second rank in the historical attractions of Isfahan. Also based on paired comparisons between criteria, social-cultural criteria and attractions have the highest priority; thus, they are influential in historical-cultural tourism development.
The relationship between ethics and economy is one of the issues examined in contemporary human sciences. On one hand, some thinkers believe that economy and ethics should be segregated, emphasizing that since economy seeks to improve the quality of life and eradicating privations, it is a moral issue ...
Read More
The relationship between ethics and economy is one of the issues examined in contemporary human sciences. On one hand, some thinkers believe that economy and ethics should be segregated, emphasizing that since economy seeks to improve the quality of life and eradicating privations, it is a moral issue guided by the invisible hand of the market. On the other hand, some other thinkers emphasize on the negative consequences of economic policies and believe that governments’ interventions are essential for moralizing economy and that development of welfare states and welfare policies is analyzed accordingly. There are different theories of ethics any of which has stressed on different elements such as individual action, individual essence, and legal laws and arrangements, to explain the relationship between ethics and economy. Using social welfare as a construct in analysis, the present paper aims at explaining the relationship between ethics and economy based on an inter-subjective approach.
An analysis of 88 researches in the field of manners and life skills was done. Seventy-two of the researches were conducted by MA students, thirteen of them were research projects, and three of them were doctoral dissertations. All of the researches were conducted at the research and education centers ...
Read More
An analysis of 88 researches in the field of manners and life skills was done. Seventy-two of the researches were conducted by MA students, thirteen of them were research projects, and three of them were doctoral dissertations. All of the researches were conducted at the research and education centers of Tehran, Isfahan, and East Azerbaijan Provinces prior to 1387. Two evaluators made a checklist including the research indexes, research specifications, and the results and recommendations. The results were analyzed by a reliability coefficient, and that was determined as 97% between the evaluators. Some of the results of the meta-analysis are as follows:
Most of the researches analyzed in this study were conducted on teenagers and high school students, and only a few of them focused on university or middle school students. About 88% of the researches were conducted between the years 1380 and 1387, and there was no case of research before 1374.
Most of the researchers had used T-test to analyze the data of their researches. About 86 researches used questionnaires.
Out of 88 researches, 72 were conducted by MA students, 13 were research projects, and 3 of them were doctoral dissertations.
Topics such as forgiving, business management, and home care were less frequent.
Some deficiencies were identified in the methodology and content of the researches, including: excessive tendency towards quantitative research; excessive use of questionnaires and inattention to interview and observation; absence of precise, comparative researches; overemphasis on the western styles and skills and lack of attention to the skills commensurate with Iranian-Islamic culture; co-presence of hypothesis and question in most of the researches; inaccuracy in sampling methods and the use of small populations; excessive attention to high schools students and lack of attention to middle school students and adults; and the study of skills in isolation and inattention to them as
Wide presence of women in society has an important role in the development and progress of the country. In this regard, the establishment and development of Shahr-Banoo Complexes with goal of empowering women in social, economic, cultural, and athletic areas may be helpful. This study is an attempt to ...
Read More
Wide presence of women in society has an important role in the development and progress of the country. In this regard, the establishment and development of Shahr-Banoo Complexes with goal of empowering women in social, economic, cultural, and athletic areas may be helpful. This study is an attempt to evaluate the social impact of these centers on various aspects of women's empowerment. This study used survey research method and its statistical population consisted of all women who attended Shahr-Banoo Complexes in Districts 1, 2, 8 and 14 of the Tehran Municipality. Sample size of 237 patients was estimated using Cochran formula and the sampling was multilevel. The results indicate that the establishment of Shahr-Banoo Complexes has contributed to women's empowerment and the development of their capabilities and skills. The results of the factor analysis of different dimensions indicate that the average score for the personal empowerment of women is 4, for family empowerment is 3.61, for professional empowerment is 3.36, and for social empowerment is 3.43. Regarding the individual characteristics, one can state that homemakers and high school graduates are the main users of the complex and are influenced by the programs more than others are. Women's use of Shahr-Banoo Complexes and the increasing level of their capabilities may change their common values to noble ones, which in turn may give rise to an individualism of women in the society.
Based on Ester Boserup’s theory of development, this research is an attempt to answer the question “Can technology empower the rural female rice farmers?” To answer this question, a qualitative research was designed and different generations of women were observed in a 15-year period. ...
Read More
Based on Ester Boserup’s theory of development, this research is an attempt to answer the question “Can technology empower the rural female rice farmers?” To answer this question, a qualitative research was designed and different generations of women were observed in a 15-year period. The changes in women’s activities, opportunities, and resources were observed and analyzed. Technology seemed to reduce women’s roles and marginalize them, impeding their access to financial resources. The observations were indicative of the difference in the type of tools used by men and women as well as their roles. In the process of development and upon the introduction of technology to some regions, men had taken the roles previously assigned to women. A decrease in women’s activities has restricted their control over the sources of economic power, including the ownership of rice, land, and trade of products. A change of roles has made the women mere homemakers and has restricted their social relations only with women on a local level.
The subject of improvement and welfare, similar to many other phenomena in respect to its relation with the multi-dimensional nature of humans and its relation with a general system, need an acceptable knowledge of several related subjects. This study discussed the concept of “social welfare” ...
Read More
The subject of improvement and welfare, similar to many other phenomena in respect to its relation with the multi-dimensional nature of humans and its relation with a general system, need an acceptable knowledge of several related subjects. This study discussed the concept of “social welfare” using interdisciplinary concepts and the method of survey. In doing so, first, we review the major social policy theories and their approaches to the establishment of social welfare. Highlighting the idea of "active state”, we demonstrate how the social welfare can be establish with regard to the mentioned theories. Then, the research indicated that the establishment of social welfare requires a harmony between the state welfare (state welfare programs) and social welfare (social needs of the people). The survey analysis (needs assessment) among Tehran citizens indicate that 60% of respondents regard employment as the most important need in Iran, And given the high unemployment rate in recent years, creating jobs by the state can help the establishment of social welfare by creating a harmony.
