gholamreza latifi; hamid gharehbaghi; feroz hagaliakbar; Reza Shami
Abstract
foundations of the subject, the required data were collected using a questionnaire and the structural equation modeling method was applied for data analysis. The results show that regional planning has the most effect on the social security variable and in the next stages there is a meaningful ...
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foundations of the subject, the required data were collected using a questionnaire and the structural equation modeling method was applied for data analysis. The results show that regional planning has the most effect on the social security variable and in the next stages there is a meaningful relationship with variables, leisure, education, health, housing, insurance and population. Keywords: Planning, Regional Planning, Region, Social Welfare, Structural Equation Model Investigating the role of regional planning on social welfare from people's perspective Gholamreza Latifi[1] , Garehbaghi Hamid[2] , Hajialiakbari Firuzeh[3] Shami Reza[4] Received: 29/12/2015 Received: 8/5/2017 Abstract Social welfare is one of the most important issues in the contemporary world, and welfare programs are developed and implemented by governments and relevant organizations in a variety of ways. It has been argued that most welfare planning has been carried out according to macro-national planners and rarely takes into account the characteristics of the region, region and the needs of the regions. One of the methods used at the planning level for middleware is the regional planning technique. This method, unlike large-scale planning, is carried out regionally and with regard to local and regional capacities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of regional planning on social welfare. The statistical population of this research is Zanjan citizens and its statistical sample consists of 385 citizens of the city which is calculated through the Cochran formula for unlimited society. After studying the library and reviewing the theoretical [1]. Associate Professor، Department of Social planning ، Allameh Tabataba’i University (ATU) ، IranRLatifi2002@yahoo.com [2]. M.A of social sciences, Department of Social planning ، Allameh Tabataba’i University (ATU) ، Iran H.Gharegbaghi@zums.ac.ir [3]. Assistant Professor of Marketing, Department of Business Management, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University firouzehajialiakbari@gmail.com [4]. Ph.D. students of Management, Department of Business Management, Tehran Branch ,Islamic AzadUniversityR.shami@zums.ac.ir
azt sam; samaneh mansouri
Abstract
Explaining the Concept of Social Resilience and Analyzing its Measurement Indicators Ezatollah Sam Aram[1] , Samaneh Mansouri[2] Received: 12/6/2017 Accepted: 26/11/2017 ...
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Explaining the Concept of Social Resilience and Analyzing its Measurement Indicators Ezatollah Sam Aram[1] , Samaneh Mansouri[2] Received: 12/6/2017 Accepted: 26/11/2017 Abstract In recent years, especially after the financial crisis of 2008, the dangers and changes in the economic field have affected other areas, such as the political, environmental, and especially social spheres, and have increased the magnitude of the damage and social crisis. On this basis, discussions on social strengthening and resilience have been proposed alongside the other theories and ideas; and they have been met important positions in theoretical and academic principles. In fact, the social resilience debate says that once a social system is able to absorb temporary or permanent risks and can adapt itself to rapidly changing circumstances, it is resilient. This paper, based on documentary method tries to review the valid scientific papers and books, published in recent years, in order to introduce the definitions of social resilience and the indicators for measuring this concept. Awareness of the discussions, experiences and efforts of other countries in this field and also evaluation of them can be useful and effective in policy-making, planning, and even administrative actions. Keywords: Changes and Risks, Resilience, Vulnerability, Resilient Communities, Indicators. [1]. Professor of Social Sciences at the University of Allameh Tabatabai, (Corresponding Author). e_samaram@yahoo.com [2]. Mansouri, Samaneh, master-planned social welfare, University of Allameh Tabatabai. s86.mansuri@gmail.com
ali taj; gg ghg; Yaser Bagheri
Abstract
Abstract Policy-making is in practice a systematic activity that involves a set of decisions, plans, and practices. Shortages, contradictions or weakness in laws in responding to social issues often leads policymakers to formulate or reform social policies in the form of bills / plans. Policy-making ...
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Abstract Policy-making is in practice a systematic activity that involves a set of decisions, plans, and practices. Shortages, contradictions or weakness in laws in responding to social issues often leads policymakers to formulate or reform social policies in the form of bills / plans. Policy-making is in practice a discipline that involves a set of decisions, plans, and practices. Legal vacuum, conflict or legal impediment in responding to social issues often leads policymakers to formulate or reform social policies in the form of bills / plans. In this context. Time duration (between becoming problematic and reaction to) is important. Extending this gap can exacerbate the problem or even cause a new issue/ issues, so that the embedded policy measures do not work in the past. Asking a question about the "state of time" in the reality of social policy (focusing on plans / bills) required the present study. To examine the issue empirically and provide appropriate evidence on the research subject; the method of analyzing documents and mixed of qualitative and quantitative techniques were applied. Sampling method was purposeful. The plans and bills related to social policy in 8th and 9th Parliaments, and documents that have information about the date and outcome of their review (from the beginning to the notification). The results show that the average time between receipt and approval of plans and bills (irrespective of residual or deregulated items) has been around 22 to 25 months Which the most bureaucratic bills have been in the area of justice and the most time-consuming one has not been acted yet from around 12 years ago. Also the research data does not show a logical and meaningful relationship between proximity to election time and the rejection or approval of plans and bills in the policy domain. Besides that thepatterns of approvals are not endorsed separately from the various years of life of each parliament. Generally, the problem of social phenomena in the legislature has not been dominant in parliament and the patterns of approvals are not endorsed separately from the various years of life of each parliament. Finally the findings indicate that the process of social policy through the parliament is very time consuming; on the other hand, it generally does not follow a timely response to social problems. Hence from this perspective, it seems that the social policy process in the parliament needs to be reviewed and improved. Keywords: Social Policy, Parliament, Bills, Time, Social Problem
m a; mohammad sheykhi
Abstract
Abstract In recent years, the role and active participation of local and municipal administration in the field of economic development has been accepted as one of the new missions of urban management. One of the most important measures to improve the economic capacity of the cities is to improve ...
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Abstract In recent years, the role and active participation of local and municipal administration in the field of economic development has been accepted as one of the new missions of urban management. One of the most important measures to improve the economic capacity of the cities is to improve the business environment. The importance of paying attention to the business environment is a direct link between the development indicators in a city and the analysis of the effects and implications for development of the city, which is of interest to experts. Currently, in Iran, the business environment is measured only at the national and provincial levels. But it should be noted that focusing on lower levels, such as cities, is important as well because in some cities, dominated situation could not be explained and analyzed by the economic trends in national level. Hence, in this article, studying business environment in Sadra's new city and the effects on development of the city are considered. The method of the research is a questionnaire in combination with interviews. Using a targeted sampling method, 54 economic activists in Sadra were interviewed and the same questionnaire containing 57 questions was distributed and completed. The results of the research show that the business environment of Sadra city, is lower than average. In this situation, the city's business enterprises have not been able to perform well enough and the private sector has moved to underground, unproductive and informal economies. Keywords: Sadra's New City, Business Space, Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, Urban Development
a s; g t; m r; a g
Abstract
Abstract Tourism is, above all, an economic issue. The organization of geographic space is shaping the free trade of tourism, and the business of travel is based on capitalism and profitability. Therefore, tourism in the process of supply and demand, shows the effects of development. The main component ...
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Abstract Tourism is, above all, an economic issue. The organization of geographic space is shaping the free trade of tourism, and the business of travel is based on capitalism and profitability. Therefore, tourism in the process of supply and demand, shows the effects of development. The main component of the sustainable tourism paradigm is building relationships and unions in order to strengthen the capacity of the local community and transfer the local economy in a sustainable way, which is also beneficial for the environment. Tourism is considered as one of the first three sources of income in the world as the most innovative industrial in the world, but in Iran, for many reasons, it still has not found its true status. The city of Kashan in the province of Isfahan has long been regarded by both Iranian and foreign tourists as one of the most important tourist hubs of the country with its outstanding antique works, its historical and architectural monuments and its admiration. The position of the city of Kashan in attracting tourists in the country and the large amount of tourist arrival will not affect the integrated management of this city. Due to the historic dates and volume of tourists entering, there are certain conditions in this region. In this paper, the combination method AHP_SWOT was used which according to the results obtained the highest score was given to the threat points (332/2); the rest scores were respectively the strengths (3 218/3), the weaknesses (3 218/3), and finally To the points of opportunity (4/824), according to the plot of the paragraph, a suitable strategy for Kashan is a defensive strategy that can, in addition to emphasizing the development of tourism, the importance of the participation of the people and stakeholders, preservation of natural resources, valuable heritage and Strengthening the infrastructure as much as possible. Keywords: SWOT_AHP method, Kashan City, Strategic Planning, Economic Development-Social Development.
ali m; Maryam Mohammadi
Abstract
Abstract The goal of this article is to recognize criteria of the happy city approach through adapting it with urban space dimensions and access a model for measuring happiness rate in urban spaces. The research method is qualitative-quantitative, and in literature review it is based on content analysis. ...
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Abstract The goal of this article is to recognize criteria of the happy city approach through adapting it with urban space dimensions and access a model for measuring happiness rate in urban spaces. The research method is qualitative-quantitative, and in literature review it is based on content analysis. According to the historical position of Chahar Bagh-e-Abbasi Street and considering this issue that the street is also a realm for representation of such events, it was selected as the case. Sample case size for doing questionnaire technique was 200 users. The results show that for creating a happy urban space, both objective and subjective dimensions must be considered. Among this, the objective criteria affected on increasing happiness in street include factors like: creating limitation in accessing vehicles, beauty, vitality, utility of green spaces and townscape, cleanliness, and in subjective dimensions the criteria are: pride feelings, security, memory, night security and friendliness. Keywords: Happy City Approach, Criteria Making, Happiness Levels, Subjective and Objective Dimensions, Chahar Bagh-e-Abbasi Street
Ali Akbar Tajmazinani; Maryam Ebrahimi; m k
Abstract
Abstract This paper aims to explore the dominant gender discourses in employment policies after Islamic Revolution of Iran using a gender analysis approach and qualitative content analysis method. The Result shows that, there are various propositions of competing gender discourses in employment policies ...
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Abstract This paper aims to explore the dominant gender discourses in employment policies after Islamic Revolution of Iran using a gender analysis approach and qualitative content analysis method. The Result shows that, there are various propositions of competing gender discourses in employment policies that have witnessed changes in terms of time period, approving authority and occupation types. In other words, while categories that represent the intrinsic approach are dominate in various political discourses and documents, such as the priority of maternal and spousal roles for women, man head of household, harmful employment, primacy of private sphere, family centered approach, and different rights and duties, policy makers have reserved conditional employment for elite women. From the perspective of extrinsic approach, there are some categories such as: equal payment, skill centered approach, women empowerment and necessity of structural changes. In sum, based on McPhail’s model, one can explore extrinsic and intrinsic approaches in Iranian employment policies at the same time which shows that policy approaches and orientations are inconsistent. Keywords: Gender analysis, Employment, Women, Family, Gender Discourses
Farzad ghafouri; Zahra Mohammadi
Abstract
The present study aims to make a comparison between the social capital and subjective well-being in elderly people who lead an active life with those with a non-active one with special emphasis on network-based physical activity. The study is a Casual-comparative cross sectional that implemented with ...
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The present study aims to make a comparison between the social capital and subjective well-being in elderly people who lead an active life with those with a non-active one with special emphasis on network-based physical activity. The study is a Casual-comparative cross sectional that implemented with survey method. Research population was over 60 years old elderly people (men and women) in Tehran which 305 person estimated by using Morgan sampling matrix and participated in with both multi stage cluster and Convenience sampling methods and using researchers-made questionnaire. The results of study indicate that there is significant difference between active and non-active elderly people in social capital and subjective well-being. The results of MANOVA showed significant difference between Network-based physical active older people with others in all aspects of social capital (trust, cohesion and participation) and subjective well-being (happiness, life satisfaction, desert, subjective security, emotions, relative comparison, interests and social perception). This study emphasizes on regular, organized and network-based physical activity in older ages.
mohammad mohajeri; abolghasem heidarabadi; Ali Rahmani Firoozjah
Abstract
In this study, the effect of social, cultural and economic capital of Tehran citizens on food pattern selection was investigated. By survey method and multi-stage cluster sampling, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 384 residents over 15 years of age in Tehran. 66.6% of Tehran citizens ...
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In this study, the effect of social, cultural and economic capital of Tehran citizens on food pattern selection was investigated. By survey method and multi-stage cluster sampling, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 384 residents over 15 years of age in Tehran. 66.6% of Tehran citizens have low cultural capital, 27.6% have medium cultural capital and also 5.7% have high cultural capital. 55.7% of the respondents have medium social capital, 28.9% have high social capital and 15.4% have low social capital. 60.2% of the respondents have low economic capital, 30.7% have medium economic capital and 9.1% have high economic capital. 54.4% are in the middle social class, 32.3% in the lower social class and 13.3% in the upper social class. Age, marriage and education are related to dietary choices and gender and occupation are not related to dietary choices. The results and model of structural equati ons also showed that social and economic capital and social class are effective on food pattern selection. Social, cultural and economic capital and social class are effective in choosing food patterns. Two dietary patterns were found, including 9 and 5 nutrients, respectively, as employee-youthful and traditional dietary patterns.
Mohammad Hasan Yazdani; Hosan Derakhshan; asghar pashazadeh; fatemeh zadvali
Abstract
Today, two factors, poverty and mental health, are among the most important and influential issues related to informal settlements. Since it seems necessary to address the issue of poverty and health in order to provide, maintain and promote the health of people in marginalized areas, it is necessary ...
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Today, two factors, poverty and mental health, are among the most important and influential issues related to informal settlements. Since it seems necessary to address the issue of poverty and health in order to provide, maintain and promote the health of people in marginalized areas, it is necessary to examine the causal relationship between poverty and health and assess their impact on the lives of marginalized citizens. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyze the effects of poverty on mental health in the study area. In this regard, the present study is in terms of applied purpose, in terms of descriptive-analytical nature. The statistical population of this study is citizens living in the suburbs of Ardabil (Iranabad) (4,000 people). 352 people were determined by Cochran's mathematical formula method and they were sampled by simple random method. In this regard, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the components of poor poverty and mental health, the structural analysis model of partial minimum squares in the form of Smart-PLS software has been used. The research results also show that there is a significant and inverse relationship between ability poverty and health and this type of poverty has a high impact on the mental health of citizens.
Ali Mehdizadeh Ashrafi; Toraj Mojibi; Ahmad Meydari; Nilofar ImanKhan; mehdi faghani
Abstract
Given the fact that welfare policies –due to the vast majority of interest groups- are in the face of complexity, this research aims at designing an implementation model of welfare policies. For this purpose, the mixed method is utilized containing the qualitative method for designing an exploratory ...
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Given the fact that welfare policies –due to the vast majority of interest groups- are in the face of complexity, this research aims at designing an implementation model of welfare policies. For this purpose, the mixed method is utilized containing the qualitative method for designing an exploratory model (by interviewing 15 social policy-making elites) and the quantitative method for testing the model (by surveying 265 social policy experts). Results: the model dimensions consists of: Conditions, Strategies, Outcomes, Communications, Resources, Practitioners’ attitude and Organizational structure. Moreover, based on the quantitative findings, the structural analysis of data supports the correlation between indicators and indices and the correlation between indices and the main concept (welfare policies implementation). The Conditions dimension (foreign and interior) was the most important and the Resources and Outcome dimension were the least important, comparing all dimensions. The lack of a powerful and pivotal administration in the policy-making system that has been intensified by the merger of ministries, is considered one of the main problems. Based on the elites and experts’ ideas, the most important weaknesses are: imbalance between responsibilities and authority, inappropriate distribution of budget and bank resources, inadequate utilization of NGO’s capacity and civil partnership. In according to the findings, conflict of laws is an important obstacle for an integrated social policy implementation. Moreover, interorganizational communication for policy implementation isn't auspicious.
sima nazeri; Asghar Mohajeri; Hamid Ansari
Abstract
the interdisciplinary approach, we assessed the role of the strategic factor in "leading reference groups in construction quality of life in the research area of districts 10 and 17 of tehran Municipality in 2020. using the Integrative theoretical approach and a simultaneous mixed method with the quantitative ...
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the interdisciplinary approach, we assessed the role of the strategic factor in "leading reference groups in construction quality of life in the research area of districts 10 and 17 of tehran Municipality in 2020. using the Integrative theoretical approach and a simultaneous mixed method with the quantitative method 315 households with spatial cluster sampling method and then by G power sampling, selected and surveyed the statistical population research implementation qualitative methods interview, observation and focus group do dynamics research to describe and explain that how does the variance of the quality of life of the residents these neighborhoods and what is the role of reference groups in its construction.the research findings show that the priority of the residents of Hashemi neighborhood (region 10) choosing the reference groups, social and religious groups and Yaftabad neighborhood (region 17) economic and civil. average quality life these two neighborhoods is significantly different due to the difference between their reference groups. the residents research neighborhoods who chose reference group based contextual, biological communication variables, define and construct the mental and objective dimensions of their quality of life based patterns, criteria and judgments of their reference groups at the action level. The title of a sub-system in interaction with the urban management system in welfare planning at the structural level affect the quality of life of neighborhoods.
sahar soltani; Mehdi Feizi; Seyed Mohammad Javad Razmi
Abstract
Among the factors affecting labor productivity, the shortage in food intake can seriously affect productivity. The purpose of this study is to examine the Poverty Nutrition Trap, which is rooted in the theory of efficiency wage, highlighting the importance of malnutrition and poverty. This study's data ...
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Among the factors affecting labor productivity, the shortage in food intake can seriously affect productivity. The purpose of this study is to examine the Poverty Nutrition Trap, which is rooted in the theory of efficiency wage, highlighting the importance of malnutrition and poverty. This study's data were obtained by survey and completed by questionnaire in 1395 among 220 households living in Shahid Ghorbani district of Mashhad. A simultaneous equation system was used to investigate the existence of the Poverty Nutrition Trap. The results showed that the residents' bundle of food was significantly different from the average urban and provincial households. Results also revealed that the studied area inhabitants had spent almost half of the average cost of meat for urban households of Khorasan Razavi province and Iran. This issue also arose for the expenditure on high nutrients, including milk, eggs, fruits, and vegetables. The simultaneous equations system results showed that despite the low use of nutrients by the inhabitants of this area, the cycle of nutrition-based poverty had not been formed among them, and inadequate nutrition has not led to the vicious cycle of reduced income, reduced productivity, and inadequate nutrition. Therefore, other factors influencing the formation of poverty in the region should be identified to propose appropriate policies to reduce poverty.
mirnajaf mousavi; ali hanafi; ali bagheri kashkouli; majid akbari; somayeh mohammadi
Abstract
This study has investigated the relationship between population aging and social development in the Islamic world. Research indicators include 49 indicators of social development. The type of research is applied and the method of its study is "descriptive-analytical". The data and information studied ...
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This study has investigated the relationship between population aging and social development in the Islamic world. Research indicators include 49 indicators of social development. The type of research is applied and the method of its study is "descriptive-analytical". The data and information studied have been collected through documents and libraries. Although the number of young countries in the Islamic world is much higher than the elderly and middle-aged countries, but the percentage of middle-aged and elderly population is higher. This is because most of the elderly and middle-aged countries are the most populous countries in the Islamic world. Social development indicators show that Qatar has the best situation in terms of these indicators among Islamic countries. In the next place is the United Arab Emirates and finally in the third place is Iran. The classification of countries based on the spatial correlation coefficient indicates that the UAE and Saudi Arabia are in the first category (high aging and high social development) and the African countries of Guinea-Somalia-Chad are in the fourth category (low aging and low social development. In most fourth-class countries, the fragile structure of economic foundations has not allowed their economic and social development.
shiva parvaei; majid Koosheshi
Abstract
Changes in the Everyday Life of the Older persons during the Covid-19 Pandemic; A Qualitative StudyShiva Parvaei[1]Majid Koosheshi[2] AbstractIn this study, the lived experience of the older persons in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic as a social and risk experience was ...
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Changes in the Everyday Life of the Older persons during the Covid-19 Pandemic; A Qualitative StudyShiva Parvaei[1]Majid Koosheshi[2] AbstractIn this study, the lived experience of the older persons in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic as a social and risk experience was analyzed and the most important changes in the everyday life of the elderly were discovered. The method of this study is based on a qualitative research design. To data collection has been used from semi-structured interviews with the elderly (or their children) and thematic analysis technique to analyze qualitative data. The results show that older persons have experienced multiple changes in their everyday life. These changes have been in economic dimensions, physical health, mental health and family and social relations. The results indicate that the issues of the elderly in the Covid-19 pandemic period are not only individual but also family and social issues. This matter refers to the importance of family and intergenerational interactions in the everyday life of the elderly. In addition, the consequences of this period on the everyday life of the older persons include not only direct effects but also indirect consequences. In this regard, we can point to the economic consequences of Covid-19 on the working life of youth and adult children, which not only led to a decrease in children's support for older parents but also led to their anxiety and worry. In addition, we can point to a decline in the health capital of the older persons and deaths which is due to the delay in following up on health status and treatment. Ageing is a social and unequal experience and these studies are very useful for the social policy of ageing and family. Keywords: Older Persons, Everyday Life, Risk society, Social Changes, Ageing Studies, Family Studies. [1] . PhD in Sociology, , Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran.[2] . Assistant Professor of Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran.
Abdorasool Hashemi; Mostafa Azkia; Seyyed Yaghoub Mousavi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to understand the lived experience of urban poor of the causes affecting poverty. The research method was grounded theory and the study population included the heads of urban poor households living in districts 17, 18 and 19 of Tehran Municipality. Sampling was initially ...
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The purpose of this study is to understand the lived experience of urban poor of the causes affecting poverty. The research method was grounded theory and the study population included the heads of urban poor households living in districts 17, 18 and 19 of Tehran Municipality. Sampling was initially purposeful and continued until the stage of theoretical saturation. As a result, the nuclear category emerged as social exclusion from the labor market. Findings based on the paradigm model of the research were divided into five axes (causal conditions, intervening conditions and contextual conditions, strategies and consequences). In this article, the causal conditions of exclusion from the labor market are discussed. According to the participants, causal conditions include four main categories: economic capital weakness, human capital weakness, unfavorable economic conditions and unfavorable employment conditions. According to the findings, many urban poor living in the study areas had a history of rural poverty, the most obvious aspect of which is the weakness of economic and human capital. Also, their employment conditions in the city are very much affected by unfavorable economic conditions (such as: economic sanctions, outbreak of coronary heart disease, mechanization of production and provision of services and the presence of foreign nationals) and unfavorable employment conditions to the extent that these conditions have led to the perpetuation of inter generational poverty.
Karam Habibpour Gatabi; Morteza Ghelich; Farhad Bazrafkan
Abstract
Considering the importance and necessity of being aware of the impact of socio-cultural services of the Civil Servants Pension Fund on the quality of life of retirees, the present study uses a evaluation design and methodology quantitative (survey method with questionnaire technique), examine four supplementary ...
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Considering the importance and necessity of being aware of the impact of socio-cultural services of the Civil Servants Pension Fund on the quality of life of retirees, the present study uses a evaluation design and methodology quantitative (survey method with questionnaire technique), examine four supplementary insurance, essential loans, cane, glasses, hearing aids and travel allowances, and pilgrimage and tourist tours services, and suggestions for improving this effectiveness. The statistical population of the study includes all retirees living across the country who have used the four mentioned services, of which 1317 people as a sample size in 5 provincial areas using simple random sampling methods with random number table strategy and based on the number of retirees in each province and province belonging to each region were selected and surveyed by telephone. The findings showed that although retirees are relatively dissatisfied with the fund's socio-cultural services, they generally have a positive assessment of the effectiveness of these services on their quality of life. The results of the study, although indicate the coexistence of retirees' dissatisfaction and the efficiency of the fund's services in the quality of life of retirees, but it seems that the optimal effectiveness of these services requires redefining and mainstreaming retirement and their quality of life based on the concepts of active retirement and subjectivist quality of life.
Arezoo Bagheri; Mahsa Saadati; Adel Abdolahi
Abstract
Work hope, as one of the dimensions of social hope, can lead to the promotion of economic and social resilience in society. In order to investigate this index, the present article studies the demographic and socio-economic factors affecting work hope in Tehran. Data of 1200 respondents were collected ...
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Work hope, as one of the dimensions of social hope, can lead to the promotion of economic and social resilience in society. In order to investigate this index, the present article studies the demographic and socio-economic factors affecting work hope in Tehran. Data of 1200 respondents were collected through a questionnaire and multi-stage stratified sampling in 2017 and analyzed applying GSEM. Findings showed that women comparing to men, the unemployed compared to the employed and residents of less-developed and middle-developed areas comparing to developed and more developed areas had less work hope. By increasing age and psychological insecurity feeling, work hope decreases and by increasing number of educational years and organizational trust, work hope increases. the significant indirect effects of the number of children, the number of hours using Internet and the socio-economic insecurity feeling showed that increasing these variables reduces the work hope. The results also showed that failure to meet the job expectations of respondents, especially women, the unemployed, residents of less developed area and the elderly leads to polarization of society and formation of class divisions. The policy message of the present study is that in order to spread work hope among the citizens of Tehran, the positive impact of educational level and organizational trust variables, especially among residents of developed area should be used as a valuable opportunity.
abdolah shafiabady; Azam Kalaee; maryam pourrmousavi
Abstract
Working children are part of the future capital and hopes of the country, which in the best days of their lives have to strive for livelihood. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that cause and expand the harm of employment of working children in Tehran and to investigate its complications. ...
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Working children are part of the future capital and hopes of the country, which in the best days of their lives have to strive for livelihood. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that cause and expand the harm of employment of working children in Tehran and to investigate its complications. This study was conducted with a qualitative approach, based on the data-based method and with a semi-structured interview tool. Targeted sampling was of 14 working children in Tehran. The results of the analysis of the interviews led to the identification of 40 open codes, 7 central codes and the selected code "working child, neglect of hope-making future".According to the findings, the factors affecting the creation and increase of working children included factors such as poor differentiation and physical disability, lack of parental care and support for the child, poverty and lack of support for low-income families. . Some effects of this injury were also identified, including weakened self-concept, running away from home, workplace abuse, and a predisposition to delinquency. It is hoped that with deeper studies of the employment dimensions of working children and the use of effective strategies, the path of growth and prosperity of these children will be paved and we will not see any violation of human rights in any child in the world.
simin veisi; mohammad saeed zokaei; Ali Entezari
Abstract
There is a gap between everyday definitions of justice and policy texts. Purpose of this study is to investigate the definitions of justice in these two areas in order to eliminate possible gaps. Types of definitions including distributive, procedural, interactional and epistemic justice extracted from ...
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There is a gap between everyday definitions of justice and policy texts. Purpose of this study is to investigate the definitions of justice in these two areas in order to eliminate possible gaps. Types of definitions including distributive, procedural, interactional and epistemic justice extracted from theoretical texts were selected for theoretical sensitivity and virtual ethnography and thematic analysis were used to examine cyberspace and policy texts. The results show that young people's definition of justice mainly includes distributive and procedural justice and is consistent with the commodity definition of formal discourse, while centralism and differentiation in the distribution of goods seen in policy findings are criticized. Although cyberspace data emphasized the importance of informational and epistemic justice for young people, but informational justice means exposing young people to information and decision-making, and epistemic justice means involving young people in the process of making sense of justice and their presence in policy-making processes has rarely been seen in policy-making texts. Although some youth documents and resolutions have emphasized youth participation in various matters, there has been no codified policy regarding the presence of youth in organizations, parties and non-governmental organizations that are involved in macro-policies. Youth oriented cultural policies also face problems such as disregard for different lifestyles, otherization due to pathological attitudes that lead to policing and judicialization of issues, and outsourcing of their duties.
Milad Aflaki Sooreshjani; Mohammad Saeid Zokaei; Nahal Nafisy
Abstract
In the narrative of economic actors, entrepreneurs and managers, some romantic elements and concepts are defined by the endorsement of a specific kind of economic discipline. In this structural order and definition, the economic status of individuals is considered rational, normal,, balanced, and logical. ...
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In the narrative of economic actors, entrepreneurs and managers, some romantic elements and concepts are defined by the endorsement of a specific kind of economic discipline. In this structural order and definition, the economic status of individuals is considered rational, normal,, balanced, and logical. This definition depends on risk-taking, ideation, potential, and imagination implementation in the business context. The entrepreneurial ecosystem applies the romantic perspective principles and creates perceptions and norms contagiously by giving priority to genius. In this context, failure and its consequences are individualistic issues and concerns. Meanwhile, new heroes have emerged. These heroes have characteristics and signatures that can be considered a model. The ecosystem introduces and defines a new precious act. In the present study, it has been tried to depict genius and Iranian entrepreneurs using narrative research methods and semi-structured interviewing. We interviewed directly economic actors, such as founders and CEOs of startups, investors, innovative incubator centers, traditional entrepreneurs, and benevolent. This qualitative research focused on identifying and exploring the genius, economic romanticism, and aestheticization of economics theoretically. Our findings indicate that many narratives of the entrepreneurial ecosystem are compatible with the romantic act, while the sentimentality and opportunism of romanticism undermine the significance of the context.
mohammad zahediasl; azam pelehvari
Abstract
Incoherence of research, lack of accumulation, and inattention to the deeper layers of the subject in areas of addiction and family necessitate offering integrated data from research and identifying studies gaps. Thus, this study seeks to combine and compare research findings in the field of addiction ...
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Incoherence of research, lack of accumulation, and inattention to the deeper layers of the subject in areas of addiction and family necessitate offering integrated data from research and identifying studies gaps. Thus, this study seeks to combine and compare research findings in the field of addiction and family, identify common points among studies and obtain consistent results from the scattered findings in this field. This article uses meta-analysis methods and comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA2) software. Of 67 related studies, 26 studies which had necessary information for meta-analysis were selected as the final sample. The results showed that flexibility in the family, family disputes, presence of parents at home, family support, communication between family members, sexual violence, divorce, and death of a spouse are the important factors with an impact on addiction. This research showed that insufficient attention has been paid to factors affecting family and the existing studies are not consistent with the needs in this field.
mohammad zahediasl; aliasghar darveshifard
Abstract
The present research examines the social factors influencing the social health. This is a survey to identify and examine the most important social factors which influence the social health of the elderly in the city of Kouhdashat. This research is an explanatory study, with all the elderly of 60 years ...
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The present research examines the social factors influencing the social health. This is a survey to identify and examine the most important social factors which influence the social health of the elderly in the city of Kouhdashat. This research is an explanatory study, with all the elderly of 60 years of age and older living in Kouhdasht as its statistical population. About 5508 people were 60 or over in 2006, when the research was conducted; 359 persons of this population were selected through Cochran’s formula and studied. To evaluate the rate of the social health and the influential social variables, the standard Keyes questionnaire and the researchers’ questionnaire, whose validity and reliability were confirmed, were used. The research shows that most of subjects had an average social health. Also there was a significant and direct association between social support, social status, communication skills and social health. However, no significant association was observed between spare time and social health.
rasoul rabbani; seyed ali hashemian far; salakeh shirazi
Abstract
Modern world is evaluated by the researchers and experts as the world of changing; meaning old experiences and methods are no more capable of answering organizations' problems and issues of the present and future, therefore, new organizational modern-structured strategies are required; organizational ...
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Modern world is evaluated by the researchers and experts as the world of changing; meaning old experiences and methods are no more capable of answering organizations' problems and issues of the present and future, therefore, new organizational modern-structured strategies are required; organizational entrepreneurship strategyis one of them.This paper aims to study organizational entrepreneurship in the organizations in Iran, and to evaluate entrepreneurship grade of the managers graduated in humanistic within Arak's industrial organizations. Survey method was applied as the research methodology, and questionnaires as the tools for collecting information.In analyzing the data, Kendal statistical tests revealed a statistically significant relationship between education and organizational entrepreneurship, and Pearson statistical test showed a statistically significant relationship between innovation, organizational structure and social capital, and the dependent variable of organizational entrepreneurship. Regarding the fact that these correlations are nonlinear, apositive strong relationship between the three independent variablesmentioned,and organizational entrepreneurshipis found.Results revealed that most of managers in organizationsstudied are at alow level regarding organizational entrepreneurship; only 18.60% showed a strong tendency, 19.20% showed an average tendency, and 62.20% showed a weak tendency towards organizational entrepreneurship. This may be because of the mechanical structure ruling most of organizations studied, preventing innovation, creativity, risk taking, and therefore organizational entrepreneurship. Hence, in order to create and facilitate organizational entrepreneurship, a flexible structureis needed, alongside with organizational trust,and an increased social capital,in order to set organizational entrepreneurshipas a culture. Furthermore, managers of organizations should be committed to organizational entrepreneurship. and apply it as an appropriate strategy and support the organizational entrepreneurs, in order forthe survival and growth of their organization in today's competitive markets.
Moosa Anbari; Mohammad Mehdizadeh Ardakani
Abstract
The general purpose of this study is to identify thelow qualityof the activities of NGOs in facilitating and providing services for social resilience. Here, the role and actions of Abrar Charity Institute inrural areas of Ghaenat city against the phenomenon of water shortage are focused. This research ...
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The general purpose of this study is to identify thelow qualityof the activities of NGOs in facilitating and providing services for social resilience. Here, the role and actions of Abrar Charity Institute inrural areas of Ghaenat city against the phenomenon of water shortage are focused. This research is an exploratory research with a qualitative approach. Data collection tools; The interview was semi-structured and the content analysis technique was used to analyze the data obtained from the interview. Although there are many influential people innon-governmental organizations, but this research is the result of interviews with 16 facilitators of Abrar Institute who are in direct contact with the local community and have worked there. At the beginning of the coding process, 372 initial concepts, 57 sub-themes and 13 main themes were identified. Findings show that Abrar Institute has facilitated and guided public activities in the fields of economy, society, infrastructure, environment and agriculture, and health.The findings also show that the initial distrust of the people, the distrust of the people in government institutions, the weakness of quality manpower in the village and inflation and economic problems are among thechallenges that the institute has facedThe experience and activities of Abrar Institute in the studied villages show thatNGOs can be hopedfor as a voluntary social capacity to promote socialresilience in rural areas and their adaptation to water scarcity
